Abstract: The roof breaking movement of steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam mining is complex, and the evolution law of stress and energy is special. Under the influence of deep ‘three highs and one disturbance’, the prevention and control of rock burst is not optimistic. Based on the experience of rock burst prevention and control in horizontal section mining of steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam after the rock burst accident in a mine in 2016, the experience of rock burst prevention and control in steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam in the past seven years is introduced in detail from the mechanism of rock burst in horizontal section mining of steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam, the comprehensive prevention and control of gas outburst and rock burst and the management of rock burst. In terms of the mechanism of rock burst, the inclined cantilever beam model of roof strata is established, the evolution process of fracture instability of roof and floor overburden structure is revealed, and the ‘clamping theory’ of rock burst in steeply inclined and ultra-thick coal seam is put forward. In terms of comprehensive prevention and control of gas outburst and rock burst, based on the theory of strength weakening and rock burst reduction of rock burst disaster control and disaster relief technology, combined with the original outburst prevention measures system, this paper puts forward the measures that can prevent and benefit the outburst prevention, forms a mine gas/carbon dioxide outburst/rock burst ‘integrated control’ technology system, and establishes a rock burst prevention and control system suitable for the horizontal section mining of steeply inclined thick coal seam in a mine. The intensity of gas outburst prevention and control is verified by the amount of drilling cuttings and the value of gas absorption and desorption. At the same time, the distribution of microseismic events and the total frequency and energy of each energy level are compared in the working face with pressure relief measures. The effectiveness of the control effect of the pressure relief scheme is demonstrated. In terms of rock burst management, a “six-in-one” comprehensive prevention and control framework has been formed, including prediction and evaluation, monitoring and early warning, treatment and prevention, effect test, safety protection and education and training. Based on the “Coal Mine Safety Regulations” and “Detailed Rules for Prevention and Control of Coal Mine Rock Burst” and other provisions, the Q/YJMD-FC 0104-2022“Yaojie Coal and Electricity Group Co., Ltd. Coal Mine Rock Burst Prevention and Control Part IV: Technical Specification for Prevention and Control of Rock Burst” was formulated.