Abstract: To better understand the whole process of coal and coalbed methane resources development and scientifically evaluate the development effect of each stage, based on the reality of the separation of coal mining rights and coal mining rights, as well as the current safety production license system of coal and coalbed methane mining, this paper systematically studies and analyzes the whole process of coal and coalbed methane development, considering the nature and characteristics of different types of mining enterprises and the impact of coalbed methane development on coal production in different time and space. The results show that the whole development process of coal and coalbed methane can be divided into four stages: simple coalbed methane development stage, reciprocal coalbed methane development stage, coal and gas co-mining stage and abandoned coalbed methane development stage. However, with the implementation of “no coal mining right before the end of exploration and exploitation of coalbed methane”, the development of coal and coalbed methane in the future can only be divided into three stages: simple coalbed methane development stage, coal and gas co-mining stage and abandoned coalbed methane development stage. Based on different development goals of each development stage, the content and method of evaluation of development effect in each stage are proposed to guide the optimization of development schemes in each development stage.