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基于撞击流调控的煤泥水混合过程强化研究

Study of slime water mixing process intensification using impingement flow regulation

  • 摘要: 煤泥水中一般含有大量高分散性悬浮颗粒,固液分离难度大。通过调控湍流来强化流体混合和颗粒碰撞是实现固液分离的有效途径。颗粒碰撞絮凝大多发生在湍流环境中,细微颗粒的运动受湍流最小涡尺度影响较大。研究借助撞击流对湍流涡进行调控以强化两种不同密度悬浮液混合及悬浮液中细微颗粒的碰撞。利用两种不同的解算模型对混料桶中悬浮液混合状况及颗粒的分布进行了三维仿真,进入混料桶的水相被视为连续相,固体颗粒被视为连续相(悬浮液)或二次离散相(颗粒),分析了不同入料密度下不同流速比对混料桶内湍流特征参数及颗粒分布的影响。结果表明:相互垂直碰撞的射流形成的撞击流可诱导产生发卡涡、展向涡和轴向涡等湍流宏观涡。颗粒在湍流宏观涡中移动的速度顺序为:大粒度大密度>大粒度小密度>小粒度大密度>小粒度小密度。涡−涡之间、涡−主流之间的交互作用显著提高湍流动能、降低涡尺度,最终形成的最小尺度涡有利于颗粒聚集碰撞;混料桶内流场中产生的最小涡尺度主要以小于平均最小涡尺度的涡为主。上−侧入料流速比vupvside从1.258∶1.87增大至1.882∶1.258,最小涡尺度呈现增大趋势,与入料密度无关。当流速比相近,仅流速增大时,最小涡尺度减小。适当增大上−侧入料流速比有助于流体混合及颗粒聚集碰撞,且上−侧入料流速比在1.40~1.50时,混合密度、表观黏度、颗粒聚集均达到最优效果。此外,在同一流速比时,上入料口入料密度大于侧入料口入料密度的情况下,混合均匀性和混合强度均优于上入料口入料密度小于侧入料口入料密度的情况,更有利于流体混合及颗粒碰撞。研究通过对流体水力条件的调控促进混料桶中煤泥水混合及细微颗粒凝聚,为液液混合和固液分离过程强化方式提供了一种新的思路。

     

    Abstract: slime water generally contains a large number of highly dispersed suspended particles, making solid-liquid separation difficult. Strengthening fluid mixing and particle collision by regulating turbulence is an effective way to achieve solid-liquid separation. Particle collision flocculation mostly occurs in turbulent environments where the motion of fine particles is strongly influenced by the turbulent minimum vortex scale. In this study, turbulent vortices are modulated by impinging flows to enhance the mixing of two different density suspensions and the collision of fine particles in the suspension. Two different solution models were used to simulate the mixing condition of the suspension and the distribution of the particles in the mixing drum in three dimensions. The water phase entering the mixing drum was considered as a continuous phase and the solid particles were considered as a continuous phase (suspension) or a secondary discrete phase (particles). The effects of different inlet fluid velocity ratios at different feed densities on the turbulent characteristic parameters and particle distribution in the mixing drum were analyzed. The results of the study show that the impact flow formed by the jets colliding vertically with each other can induce turbulent macro-vortices such as hairpin vortices, spanwise vortices and axial vortices. The velocity of particles moving in the turbulent macro-vortex is in the following order: Large particle size and density > Large particle size and small density > Small particle size and high density > Small particle size and density. The interaction between vortex and vortex and between vortex and the main fluid significantly increases the turbulent kinetic energy and decreases the vortex scale, resulting in a minimum scale vortex that is conducive to particle coalescence and collision; the minimum vortex scale generated in the flow field in the mixing drum is mainly smaller than the average minimum vortex scale. The minimum vortex scale tends to increase when the inlet flow rate and flow rate ratio increase from 1.258:1.87 to 1.882:1.258, independent of the inlet density. When the flow rate ratio is similar, the minimum vortex scale decreases only when the flow rate increases. An appropriate increase in the ratio of the upper and side feed flow rates helps fluid mixing and particle aggregation and collision, and the mixing density, apparent viscosity and particle coalescence are all optimal when the ratio of the upper and side feed flow rates is between 1.40 and 1.50. In addition, at the same flow rate ratio, the mixing uniformity and mixing strength are better than the case where the upper inlet feed density is greater than the side inlet feed density, which is more conducive to fluid mixing and particle collision. The study promotes slime water mixing and fine particle coalescence in mixing drums through the regulation of fluid hydraulic conditions, providing a new way of thinking about how to enhance the liquid-liquid mixing and solid-liquid separation process.

     

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