Study on ecological environment damage and restoration for coal mining-subsided area in loess hilly area of Shanxi Province

Coal mining is mostly located in loess gully and hilly area in Shanxi Province， and the characteristics of coal mining subsidence and surface damage in these area are different with flat land， such as surface cracks with various types and different size， trough-shaped collapses and mining landslides， which make the topography and landscape produce great damage， soil erosion aggravated and so on.It is very important to study the land reclamation and ecological reconstruction technology suitable for the landform， climate characteristics and the law of coal mining subsidence damage in Shanxi， and construct the reclaiming technology model of coal mining subsidence in Shanxi.The types， formation mechanism and influencing factors of mining surface damage in mining-subsided area are analyzed， combining with loess hilly landform.This paper analyzes the types，formation mechanism and influencing factors of surface damage in the mining-subsided loess hilly mining area， and analyzes the influence and destruction of surface water resources， land and vegetation based on the analysis of loess hills and landforms in the subsidence area.The overburden and surface fractures formed by underground coal mining provide access for water resources migration and loss， and mine water pollutes the land， the main reason for the destruction of surface ecological vegetation is the destruction of mining land and the aggravation of surface soil erosion.For the damage of mining ecological environment， the damage of coal mining rock and soil is essential， the damage of water resources and vegetation is the continuous effect of mining damage，and the single type of damage repair method cannot achieve good repair state.Therefore， the ecological restoration technology of loess hilly subsidence area combined with topography restoration， water resources protection and vegetation reconstruction is proposed.Through the practice of land reclamation on the loess hilly surface of a mining area in Shanxi， the validity and suitability of the land reclamation technology combining the topography and ecological environment are proved.The research results have the important guiding significance for coal mining and restoration of ecological environment in loess hilly mining area of Shanxi Province.