Abstract: The discharge of industrial solid waste in China is large, which is easy to cause damage to the ecological environment and threaten human health, so the resource reuse of industrial solid waste has aroused widespread concern in society. According to the potential fire prevention and extinguishing characteristics of the solid waste, the solid waste can be used as a raw material for preparing the mine fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel, so that the recycling of the waste resource can be realized, and the purpose of preventing and controlling the spontaneous combustion fire of the coal mine can also be achieved. In order to further promote the resource utilization of industrial solid waste in mine fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel materials, and improve and develop its application in mine fire prevention and control, the fire prevention and extinguishing mechanism of mine fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel was summarized, the fire prevention and extinguishing characteristics of solid waste were summarized, and the gelling mechanism and influencing factors of mine fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel prepared by solid waste were discussed. This paper expounds the glue-injecting technology and the present application situation of the compound gel for mine fire prevention and extinguishing. In view of the current research, it is found that the gelling mechanism of solid waste composite gel is not clear, the gelling activity of solid waste is not effectively stimulated, the sedimentation tube is blocked in the transportation process of solid waste composite gel, and the safety of solid waste application, and the solution direction and future research focus are put forward. Uch as micro-scale simulation, composite activation, novel activation materials, intelligent glue injection, ionic curing and the like. On the basis of the above solutions, the future research focus of the preparation of mine fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel from solid waste is prospected, and the future research will focus on the efficient utilization of solid waste in the preparation of fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel, the long-term fire prevention and extinguishment of solid waste composite gel, and the integrated monitoring system of intelligent gel fire prevention. These research directions are conducive to the high value-added utilization of industrial solid waste in mine fire prevention and extinguishing composite gel materials, and large-scale use in the prevention and control of coal mine spontaneous combustion fires, to ensure the safety of national property and worker’lives.