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奥灰顶部注浆改造材料配比优选试验

Optimal selection test of material ratio in the top of Ordovician limestone grouting reconstruction

  • 摘要: 我国华北型煤田矿井深部承压水上开采前,对奥灰顶部进行注浆改造并封堵导水通道,是降低底板突水风险的有效方法。针对桌子山煤田深部中等~强透水灰岩注浆工程需求,采用正交试验方法对不同配比的粉煤灰−水泥材料基础性能进行了测试,分析了水固比、固相比以及温度3个因素对浆液密度、黏度、析水率、结实率、凝结时间和力学强度6项指标的影响规律。试验结果表明:水固比对浆液的6项指标均有相对突出的影响;固相比对浆液的黏度、凝结时间及力学强度有较大影响;温度对浆液性能的影响相对较小。将地面注浆钻孔升压过程分为低压充填、中压扩散、高压裂隙延展加固3个阶段,不同注浆阶段适用的注浆材料配比不同。采用综合平衡法优选,分别得到了适用于不同注浆阶段的3个材料配比方案。将优选的注浆材料配比应用于中等~强透水灰岩注浆改造工作中,工程实践显示浆液能够在地层中有效扩散并充填裂隙,基本上切断了奥灰顶部所揭露的垂向导水通道,降低了工作面突水风险,为奥灰顶部区域性注浆治理工程提供了技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: It is an effective method to reduce the risk of floor water inrush by grouting reconstruction and sealing of water channel on top of Ordovician limestone before deep confined water mining in Huabei type coal mine in China. The basic properties of fly-ash cement materials with different ratios were tested using the orthogonal test method, in accordance with the requirements of deep medium to strong pervious limestone grouting project in Zhuozishan coal field. Subsequently, the influences of three factors, water-solid ratio, solid ratio and temperature, on six indexes of slurry density, viscosity, water extraction rate, setting rate, setting time and mechanical strength were analyzed. The results show that the ratio of water to solid has a relatively prominent effect on 6 indexes of slurry. The solid ratio has great influence on the viscosity, setting time and mechanical strength of the slurry. The effect of temperature on the performance of the slurry is relatively small. The pressure boosting process of ground grouting holes is divided into three stages: low-pressure filling, medium-pressure diffusion, and high-pressure fracture extension and reinforcement. The grouting material ratio varies across different stages of grouting. The comprehensive balance method yielded three material ratio schemes tailored for various grouting stages. The optimal grouting material ratio is applied for the grouting renovation of medium-strong pervious limestone. Engineering practice demonstrates that the slurry effectively diffuses and fills cracks in the formation, essentially intercepting the vertical water channel exposed at the top of the Ordovician limestone. It reduces the risk of water inflow on the working face and provides technical support for regional grouting treatment projects targeting the top of the Ordovician limestone.

     

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