Abstract: In China, there are many places where coal and natural gas resources are endowed with overburden situation, traditionally, coal and natural gas mining avoid each other and do not affect each other, which not only greatly restricts the production efficiency, but also causes the waste of resources. In order to solve this problem, taking Xinjie coal mine as the engineering background, the method of protecting natural gas wells by leaving natural gas corridor is adopted to realise the simultaneous mining of coal and natural gas. The integrity of the cement ring, as a protective layer for the casing of natural gas wells, directly affects the stability of the casing. The overburden transport caused by repeated mining of multiple coal seams can cause local damage to the cement ring, resulting in casing rupture or even destruction and leading to major safety problems such as natural gas leakage. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the stress evolution law of the cement ring as well as the destabilisation pattern and location under coal seam mining. Standard specimens of cement stone were prepared, and different temperature control groups were set up to study the mechanical strength and damage characteristics of cement stone at room temperature and large burial depth. The test results showed that the compressive strength of cement ring increased significantly at high temperature, and the main form of damage was shear damage, so the focus should be on the peak strength of shear stress of cement ring under the influence of quarrying. Numerical analysis of natural gas well cement ring under the influence of mining body displacement bending law, stress evolution characteristics, plastic zone distribution area. The results show that: due to the formation of the hollow zone in the coal seam, the overlying rock layer is transported, and the working faces on both sides of the gas well are mined alternately, so that the cement ring is in the process of prying to the left and then to the central axis, which leads to the distortion phenomenon at the coal seam, top and bottom plates, and the wellhead, and the shear stresses are mainly concentrated in the wellhead and the locations of the coal seam and the top and bottom plates, and it is more likely to cause stress concentration and damage to the integrity of the cement ring. In summary, in order to ensure the safe production of natural gas well casing, it is necessary to reinforce the cement ring at the surface and coal seam to ensure the stability of the cement ring.