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基于GRA-EPSO-SVM模型的露天矿山爆破振动速度预测

Blasting vibration velocity prediction of open pit mines based on GRA-EPSO-SVM model

  • 摘要: 露天矿爆破振动峰值是评价爆破效果的主要指标。在露天矿煤岩互层爆破场景下,针对现有的爆破振动峰值预测方法难以达到理想的预测结果,导致爆破参数、起爆网络设计不合理等问题,提出了一种灰色关联度特征选取下基于集成粒子群优化支持向量机算法(GRA-EPSO-SVM)的爆破振动速度峰值预测模型。以元宝山露天煤矿不同赋存条件下的煤岩爆破为背景,选取孔距、排距、孔深、单段最大装药量、最小抵抗线、爆心距、高程差、质点振速峰值作为输入参数,采用灰色关联分析法(GRA)过滤影响爆破振动速度峰值的冗余因素(孔深、单段最大装药量、最小抵抗线、质点振速峰值);运用集成粒子群算法(EPSO)优化SVM算法的关键参数Cg,将参数输入到GRA-EPSO-SVM模型中进行评估。结果表明:GRA-EPSO-SVM组合算法对比改进的萨道夫斯基公式、SVM的预测值和实际值更为吻合,平均误差分别降低15.3%和106.8%,预测结果的精度更高,更能有效预测露天矿煤岩互层爆破振动峰值,为露天矿开采爆破施工安全控制提供帮助。

     

    Abstract: The peak value of blasting vibration in open pit mine is the main index to evaluate blasting effect. In the scene of coal and rock interbedded blasting in open-pit mine, aiming at the problems that the existing prediction methods of blasting vibration peak value are difficult to achieve ideal prediction results, resulting in unreasonable design of blasting parameters and initiation network, a prediction model of blasting vibration peak value based on integrated particle swarm optimization support vector machine algorithm (GRA-EPSO-SVM) with grey correlation degree feature selection is proposed. Based on the coal and rock blasting in Yuanbaoshan open-pit coal mine under different occurrence conditions, hole spacing, row spacing, hole depth, maximum charge in single section, minimum resistance line, blast center spacing, elevation difference and peak particle vibration velocity were selected as input parameters, and grey correlation analysis (GRA) was used to filter redundant factors affecting peak blasting vibration velocity (hole depth, maximum charge of single section, minimum resistance line, peak particle velocity); using integrated particle swarm optimization algorithm (EPSO) to optimize the key parameters C and g of SVM algorithm, and inputting the parameters into GRA-EPSO-SVM model for evaluation. The results show that GRA-EPSO-SVM combination algorithm is more accurate than improved Sadovsky formula and SVM in predicting and actual values, and the average error is reduced by 15.3% and 106.8% respectively. The prediction accuracy is higher and the peak value of blasting vibration in coal and rock interbedded in open-pit mine can be predicted more effectively, which provides help for safety control of blasting construction in open-pit mine.

     

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