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穿层大直径钻孔预抽煤巷条带瓦斯机理与应用

Mechanism and application of pre-drainage of strip gas in coal roadway by cross-layer cave-making borehole

  • 摘要: 为了解决低渗高突煤层煤巷条带区域消突困难的难题,开展穿层大直径钻孔预抽煤巷条带瓦斯机理与应用研究。以寺家庄煤矿为工程实例,采用离散元和有限元模拟分析软件,数值分析普通钻孔和穿层大直径钻孔周围裂隙发育和瓦斯运移规律;通过现场试验,分析穿层大直径钻孔预抽煤巷条带瓦斯效果。研究结果表明,当穿层钻孔直径为60~400 mm时,随着钻孔孔径的增大,突出煤层裂隙数呈指数增长;钻孔孔径小于210 mm时,裂隙数增长较快;钻孔孔径在210 ~400 mm时,裂隙数增长趋于平缓。当穿层钻孔倾角(与水平方向夹角)为30°~90°时,随着倾角的增大,突出煤层裂隙数呈指数增长,倾角为90°时裂隙数达到最大值。在普通钻孔抽采条件下,抽采70 d时回风巷两侧仍存在大量瓦斯含量大于8 m3/t的条带区域,无法完全消突;抽采120 d时,回风巷两侧可基本实现消突。在预抽煤巷处每组增加2个普通钻孔抽采条件下,消突时间缩短至100 d。增加穿层大直径钻孔后,消突时间缩短至70 d。经实践验证,穿层大直径钻孔的瓦斯体积分数和瓦斯纯量在抽采的前2个月内均远高于普通钻孔。穿层大直径钻孔提高了钻孔瓦斯抽采率,优化了突出煤层的消突效果,保证了煤巷的安全掘进。

     

    Abstract: In order to solve the difficult problem of outburst elimination in coal roadway strip area of low permeability and high outburst coal seam, the mechanism and application of strip gas pre-drainage in coal roadway with large diameter boreholes were studied. Taking Sijiazhuang Coal Mine as an engineering example, discrete element and finite element simulation software were used to numerically analyze the law of fracture development and gas migration around ordinary boreholes and large-diameter boreholes; Through field test, the effect of pre-drainage of strip gas in coal roadway by large diameter boreholes is analyzed. The results show that when the diameter of the borehole is 60~400 mm, the number of fractures in the outburst coal seam increases exponentially with the increase of the aperture; When the aperture is less than 210 mm, the number of cracks increases rapidly; When the aperture is 210~400 mm, the growth of the number of cracks tends to be gentle. When the dip angle of the borehole ( the angle with the horizontal direction) is 30° ~90°, the number of fractures in the outburst coal seam increases exponentially with the increase of the dip angle, and the number of fractures reaches the maximum when the dip angle is 90°. Under the condition of ordinary borehole extraction, there are still a large number of strip areas with gas content greater than 8 m3/t on both sides of the return air roadway after 70 days of extraction, which cannot completely eliminate the outburst; When the extraction is 120 d, the outburst can be basically eliminated on both sides of the air return roadway. Under the condition of adding two ordinary oreholes in each group at the pre-drainage of strip gas in coal roadway, the outburst elimination time is shortened to 100 days. After increasing the cross-layer large-diameter boreholes, the outburst elimination time is shortened to 70 days. It has been verified by practice that the gas concentration and gas purity of large-diameter boreholes are much higher than those of ordinary boreholes in the first 2 months of extraction. The large-diameter borehole through the layer improves the gas drainage rate of the borehole, optimizes the outburst elimination effect of the outburst coal seam, and ensures the safe excavation of the coal roadway.

     

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