Abstract: Shearer as the key equipment of fully mechanized mining face, its improvement of the intelligence level plays an important role in improving the construction of the coal-mine intelligence. At present, composite sensing and fine monitoring technologies have increasingly become the mainstream direction of the development of intelligent shearer, resulting in a significant increase in the amount of data required to monitor, and higher requirements for the data management system of shearer are put forward. The application effect of shearer remote monitoring system is seriously affected by the suitability of the communication protocol and the capacities for the transmission and storage of the monitoring data. In order to improve the adaptability of the shearer remote control system and the timeliness of data management, and reduce the difficulty of development and deployment of the shearer remote monitoring system, the relevant research was carried out on communication protocol matching analysis and real-time data compression storage. Firstly, the shearer communication protocol tree model is constructed, the similarity calculation method of shearer communication protocol based on sub-tree matching is proposed. Then the matching algorithm of shearer communication protocol is designed, and the adaptive matching and parsing of communication protocol point table of different types of shearer is realized. Next, the switching sensor data compression algorithm based on the same state word and the analog sensor data compression algorithm based on the variable length coding are designed to improve the compression ratio of the real-time data of the shearer and reduce the overhead of the data storage subsystem. Finally, a remote monitoring system of shearer based on protocol matching and data compression was constructed and tested. The experimental results show that: the similarity calculation method of shearer communication protocol based on sub-tree matching proposed in this paper is consistent with the expert reference value, and the protocol matching coincidence can reach 100%. The proposed data compression algorithm for shearer achieves 99.16% and 91.80% compression rates for switching and analog data, respectively.