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煤层气开发区块多分支水平井井网剩余储量模拟研究

Remaining reserve distribution simulation and development trend of multi-branch horizontal wells in high development coalbed methane blocks

  • 摘要: 随着煤层气勘探开发的不断深入,高开发程度区块内煤层气剩余储量的精准预测已成为制约后续产能优化的关键问题。本文以鄂尔多斯盆地三交地区的高开发煤层气区块为研究对象,集成地质建模与数值模拟技术,提出了一套适用于多分支水平井密集区的剩余气藏数值模拟与评价方法。研究结果表明,排采前期(压力缓慢下降),压降速率控制了研究区多分支水平井产能表现。排采后期(压力平缓),厚度、含气量和渗透率影响了水平井产能特征。通过单井历史拟合与储层参数反演,确定了当前多分支水平井井控面积为0.20~0.90 km2,构建标准压降曲线以预测未来10年研究区产能,得出研究区的剩余储量:已动面积为15.61 km2,未动面积为4.39 km2,未动储量为5.02亿m3。研究指出,煤储层物性空间展布的精细刻画、基于地质现实的产能历史拟合以及排采制度的合理设计是影响剩余气藏预测精度的三大关键因素。未来应加强地震与实验相结合的煤储层微观建模,并基于实际排采数据构建压降标准曲线,以提升高开发区块煤层气剩余储量的预测能力。

     

    Abstract: The accurate prediction of remaining coalbed methane (CBM) reserves is crucial for optimizing production in highly developed blocks. This study establishes an integrated workflow, combining geological modeling and numerical simulation, to evaluate residual gas distribution in the Sanjiao Block of the Ordos Basin, a typical CBM field with a dense network of multi-branch horizontal wells. Results demonstrate that well productivity is initially controlled by the pressure decline rate during the early drainage stage, while it becomes more sensitive to coal thickness, gas content, and permeability during the late stage. Through history matching and reservoir parameter inversion, the well-controlled area for individual multi-branch horizontal wells was calibrated to be between 0.20 and 0.90 km2. A type curve for pressure decline was subsequently constructed, enabling a reliable production forecast for the next decade. Simulation results indicate a drained area of 15.61 km2, with the remaining undrained area and reserves estimated at 4.39 km2 and 502 million cubic meters, respectively. This study identifies three critical factors governing prediction accuracy: the detailed characterization of reservoir heterogeneity, robust production history matching grounded in geological reality, and appropriate drainage system design. Future efforts should focus on micro-scale reservoir modeling integrating seismic and experimental data, alongside the development of standard pressure decline curves from field production data, to enhance the assessment of remaining CBM reserves in mature fields.

     

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