Abstract: Microbial inhibition of coal spontaneous combustion has become a new research direction of coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control. To explore the mechanism of white rot fungus on the pore structure and spontaneous combustion tendency of coal, the single factor experiment combined with response surface method was used to optimize the coal dissolution conditions. The mercury intrusion test, N₂ adsorption experiment, CO₂ adsorption experiment, combined with the optimization of the dominant pore size segment, the full-scale pore joint characterization system was constructed. The fractal characteristics were quantitatively analyzed in full-scale with fractal theory, and the inhibition effect of pore rot fungus on spontaneous combustion tendency was verified by oxidation kinetics experiment The experimental results showed that white rot fungi significantly changed the pore structure of coal, and the optimal coal dissolving conditions were: coal slurry quality 0.40 g, incubation time 26 d, and inoculation amount 6 mL; under these conditions, the multi-scale pore characterization showed that the total pore volume of coal decreased by 34.25%, 1 000−100 000 nm was the main range of pore volume loss, and the specific surface area decreased by 43.79 %, and 0.3-0.6 nm was the main range of specific surface area loss. The comprehensive fractal dimension D_z decreased by 0.04; The oxidation kinetics experiment confirmed that the comprehensive judgment index I of coal sample increased by 22.06%, and the spontaneous combustion tendency decreased significantly. The inhibitory effect of white rot fungi on coal spontaneous combustion stems from the synergistic mechanism of physical oxygen isolation and chemical resistance: Biofilm is formed to cover the coal surface to block the diffusion of oxygen; Degradation of lignin like components weakens pore connectivity; Decomposition of active groups such as C＝O, —OH in coal inhibits the chain oxidation reaction. These two paths inhibit the occurrence of coal oxygen recombination by reshaping the pore structure and chemical structure. This study establishes the quantitative correlation of “coal dissolution parameters pore evolution spontaneous combustion tendency” for the first time, which provides a new idea for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion, and provides a theoretical basis and technical parameters for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion by microorganisms.