Abstract: As a crucial site for mineral resource production, mines play an irreplaceable role in driving national economic development and social progress. However, traditional mine transportation faces several challenges, including harsh working environments, high safety risks, and significant labor costs, necessitating the adoption of next-generation technologies for improvement. Unmanned driving systems in mining integrate automation, informatization, and intelligent technologies to enable full-process unmanned operation of mine transportation. These systems significantly enhance production efficiency and safety levels, while maintaining the capability to operate continuously under complex terrain, extreme weather, and dynamic working conditions. Focusing on unmanned driving systems in mining, recent domestic and international research status and development trends in this field are systematically reviewed from two perspectives: technical architecture design and engineering application practices. Besides, an in-depth analysis and summarization are conducted on key technologies such as environmental perception, path planning, vehicle control, and multi-vehicle scheduling. These include dynamic high-definition map updating and collaborative perception with heterogeneous sensors, irregular road path generation and optimization, control strategies adaptive to complex conditions, and multi-vehicle coordinated scheduling schemes for overall system efficiency. Moreover, the various challenges faced by current unmanned driving systems in mining are comprehensively revealed, including degraded perception accuracy limiting map updates, object detection, and localization capabilities; uncertainty in mixed-traffic interactions impeding path planning convergence; difficulties in maintaining controller robustness and precision under varying terrains and conditions; and the accumulation of control deviations and delayed feedback hampering global optimization in scheduling systems. In light of existing technological bottlenecks and industrial demands, a developmental roadmap and research recommendations are proposed for advancing mine transportation from “traditional models” to “intelligent systems” and ultimately to “fully unmanned driving”, aiming to achieve transportation efficiency that surpasses manual driving.