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淮南朱集东矿煤层气水平井压裂窜扰特征及快速复产方法

Frac-hits characteristics and rapid recovery method of CBM extraction horizontal well in Zhujidong Coal Mine of Huainan

  • 摘要: 分段压裂水平井是实现区域瓦斯预抽的有效措施之一,由于同一矿区水平井投产有先后,工程应用中出现了新井压裂施工影响老井正常排采的“压裂窜扰”现象,表现为老井井底流压升高、产气降低或停止。以淮南矿区朱集东矿煤层顶板水平井井组为研究对象,分析了新老井井间压裂窜扰特征,探讨了压裂窜扰类型及诱发因素,提出了压裂窜扰井快速复产方法并进行了现场工程应用。结果表明:新井压裂施工对老井造成压裂窜扰时,老井井底流压具有不同的响应特征;根据新老井井间连通介质的不同,将煤层顶板水平井井间压裂窜扰类型分为应力阴影干扰型、间接压窜型和直接压窜型三种;对于应力阴影干扰型,老井压力响应特征表现为先缓慢上升,新井压裂施工停止后迅速下降,对于直接压窜型,新老井裂缝窜通后老井井底流压迅速升高;朱集东矿水平井组压裂窜扰诱发因素主要为较小的井间距以及煤系地层中较为发育的断层/天然裂缝;根据压裂窜扰井组特征,提出了压裂窜扰井快速复产措施,即:压裂窜扰井水力冲砂洗井→新压裂井快速放喷降压→压裂窜扰井精准排采阶梯提产;复产措施工程应用后3口压裂窜扰井快速复产,产气量均超过受压裂干扰前,取得了良好的效果。研究成果可为类似条件下煤层气水平井新老井井间压裂窜扰防控与压裂窜扰井快速复产提供借鉴。

     

    Abstract: The multi-stage fracturing horizontal well is one of the effective method to realize regional gas pre-drainage. Because the horizontal wells in the same mining area are put into production successively, the phenomenon of ' frac-hit ' that the new well fracturing affects the normal drainage of the old wells has appeared in the engineering application. Taking the horizontal well group in coal seam roof in Zhujidong Mine of Huainan Mining Area as the research object, the characteristics of frac-hit between new and legacy wells were analyzed, the types and inducing factors of frac-hit were discussed, and the rapid recovery method of old wells was proposed and applied. The results show that the bottom hole pressure (BHP) of the old well has different response characteristics when the fracturing treatment of the new well causes fracturing channeling to the old wells. According to the different connecting media between new and old wells, the types of inter-well frac-hit for horizontal wells in coal seam roof can be divided into three types, namely: stress shadow interference, indirect frac-hit and direct frac-hit. For the stress shadow interference type, the BHP response characteristics of the old well are slowly rising first, and decreasing rapidly after the fracturing treatment stops. For the direct frac-hit, the BHP of the old well increases sharply after the fracture communication between new and old wells. The main inducing factors of frac-hit for horizontal well group in Zhujidong Mine are small well spacing and faults / natural fractures in coal measure strata. According to the characteristics of horizontal well group, the rapid recovery measures of old well after frac-hit were put forward, that is, hydraulic sand washing of the frac-hit old well → rapid blowout and depressurization of new fracturing well → precise drainage and stepwise increasing gas production of the frac-hit old well. After the application of the re-production measures, the 3 frac-hit influenced wells re-produced quickly, and the gas production exceeded that before the frac-hit, and good results were achieved. The research results can provide reference for the prevention and control of frac-hit between new and old CBM extraction horizontal wells under similar conditions and the rapid re-production of frac-hit influenced wells.

     

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