Abstract: To investigate the patterns of gas outburst from drill holes under the influence of coal mass loosening and fragmentation during drilling operations, this study is based on elasticity theory and cohesive strength damage principles. Through theoretical derivation, analytical expressions for the radius of the plastic zone and the radius of the fractured zone, incorporating cohesive strength softening parameters, were established. Subsequently, a dynamic mathematical model of gas outburst in drill holes under drilling disturbance was constructed, incorporating fluid flow in the plastic zone, gas release in the fractured zone, and drill cuttings dispersion. The study took the drilling holes in the No. 3 coal seam of the Libi Coal Mine in the Jincheng Mining Area as the engineering background. A comprehensive research method combining theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field experiments was adopted to analyze the evolution patterns of the plastic zone and fractured zone during drilling operations and the corresponding methane outburst patterns under their influence. The research results indicate: The volumes of the plastic zone and fractured zone in the borehole surrounding rock exhibit a significant linear growth trend with drilling distance, with the expansion rate of the plastic zone reaching five times that of the fractured zone; Drilling disturbance and damage are primarily concentrated in the vicinity of the borehole wall. Due to the development of a fracture network within the plastic zone, permeability undergoes significant changes. The methane seepage flow rate at the borehole wall exhibits a linear growth pattern of 0.47 times with drilling distance, while the seepage flow rate at the borehole bottom, which has undergone loosening and damage, remains at a relatively low level; Methane release from the fractured zone constitutes the primary source of methane outflow from the borehole. Due to its time-dependent decay characteristics, when the drilling distance increases from 1 m to 8 m, its proportion decreases gradually from 96% to 90%, reflecting the weakening contribution of methane release from the fractured zone and drill cuttings to borehole methane outflow with increasing drilling distance; Field industrial test data and numerical simulation results are highly consistent, with both yielding a borehole gas outflow-drilling distance relationship that conforms to an exponential function with an exponent of 0.46, and a relative error of only 11%.