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基于转矩分配的永磁同步式混合动力矿卡逻辑门限值控制策略

Torque distribution strategy based on logic threshold control for permanent magnet synchronous hybrid power mining trucks

  • 摘要: 矿用自卸车承担着露天矿山煤炭、矿石等物料的主要运输任务,目前多采用机械式或电传动的驱动方式,其中:机械式驱动系统存在传动效率低、燃油消耗高、尾气污染严重等问题,而电传动系统则存在续航里程短、充电时间长、维修成本高等不足。本文有机结合混合动力技术与永磁驱动技术高效低能耗的优势,设计了一种采用基于转矩分配的逻辑门限值控制策略的新型永磁同步式混合动力矿卡。首先,基于徐工集团XG130型百吨级燃油动力矿卡,设计并研制了一种以柴油机作为动力源,以并联式永磁电机驱动总成作为核心驱动电机的串联式永磁同步式混合动力矿卡,具备纯电驱动、柴油机驱动、柴−电混合驱动、行车充电与再生制动5种工作模式,并针对其驱动总成动力切换需求设计了一种交叉耦合控制策略;其次,针对永磁同步式混动矿卡高效低能耗设计目标,提出了一种基于转矩分配混合型逻辑门限值的动力系统工作模式切换控制策略,并对其需求转矩与混合型逻辑门限值判断条件进行了设计,在此基础上利用MATLAB/Simulink与Cruise软件搭建了原机械传动式燃油矿卡和永磁同步式混动矿卡的联合仿真模型;最后,针对露天矿山严苛运行工况,面向仿真需求采集并建立了专用循环测试工况,将其作为仿真边界条件先后进行了软件仿真层面与硬件在环测试平台层面的动力性与经济性测试,结果表明:相比于原机械传动式燃油车型,永磁同步式混合动力系统满载时的最大爬坡度、最高车速分别提高了29.20%和25.65%,0~30 km/h加速时间、百公里综合燃油消耗分别下降了64.54%和17.48%;发动机工作特性更佳,驱动电机工作特性符合预期效果,整车的动力性与经济性均得到了较大改善,有助于推动露天矿山运输环境向着高效节能、绿色环保的方向发展。

     

    Abstract: Mining dump trucks undertake the main transportation task of coal, ore and other materials in open-pit mines, and are currently mostly driven by mechanical or electric transmission, among them: the problems of low transmission efficiency, high fuel consumption and serious exhaust gas pollution in the mechanical drive system, the electric drive system has the shortcomings of short mileage, long charging time and high maintenance cost. This paper combines the advantages of high efficiency and low energy consumption of hybrid technology and permanent magnet drive technology, and designs a new type of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) hybrid power mining truck using torque distribution logic threshold control strategy. Firstly, based on the XG130 fuel powered mining truck of XCMG Group, a series connected PMSM hybrid power mining truck was designed and developed, which uses a diesel engine as the power source and a parallel permanent magnet drive motor(PMDM) assembly as the core drive motor. It has five working modes: pure electric drive, diesel engine drive, diesel electric hybrid drive, driving charging and regenerative braking. A cross-coupling control strategy was designed to meet the power switching requirements of its drive assembly. Secondly, a power system operating mode switching control strategy based on torque distribution hybrid logic threshold value was proposed for the high-efficiency and low-energy design goal of PMSM hybrid mining trucks. The required torque and hybrid logic threshold value judgment conditions were designed. On this basis, a joint simulation model of the original mechanical transmission fuel mining truck and PMSM hybrid power mining truck was built using MATLAB/Simulink and Cruise software. Finally, in response to the harsh operating conditions of open-pit mines, dedicated cyclic testing conditions were collected and established for simulation requirements. These conditions were used as simulation boundary conditions for dynamic and economic testing at both the software simulation level and the HIL testing platform level. The results show that compared to the original mechanical transmission fuel model, the maximum climbing slope and maximum speed of the PMSM hybrid system at full load have been increased by 29.20% and 25.65%, respectively. The acceleration time from 0 to 30 km/h and the comprehensive fuel consumption per 100 kilometers have been reduced by 64.54% and 17.48%, respectively. The engine has better working characteristics, and the driving motor's working characteristics meet the expected results. The overall power and economy of the mining truck have been greatly improved, which helps to promote the development of open-pit mining transportation environment towards high efficiency, energy conservation, and green environmental protection.

     

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