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450 m工作面全链条智能化系统构建与应用

Construction and Application of Full Chain Intelligent System in 450 m Working Face

  • 摘要: 针对中厚较薄煤层超长工作面因尺度效应引发的矿压显现复杂、装备群协同控制难、采运平衡要求高等重大技术挑战,以实现“一人一面千万吨”安全高效智能开采为目标,以兖矿能源(鄂尔多斯)转龙湾煤矿450 m工作面为工程依托,开展全链条智能化开采系统构建与应用研究。总结基于强采动矿压演化规律,建立了基于动静载荷融合的液压支架“双因素”支护控制理论与基于“最滞后支架”基准的群组协同找直方法,开发了基于SARIMA算法的支护循环压力预测模型与高精度MEMS惯导姿态感知技术,实现了支架姿态动态感知精度0.1° RMS、显著提升了450 m工作面全线找直精度。在煤流调控方面,构建了基于UPSNet与YOLO边缘计算的煤流载荷智能识别系统,并引入Petri网理论建立产运平衡自适应控制模型,实现了采煤机牵引速度与刮板机频率的智能联动。针对采煤机精准截割,创新性构建了融合全景激光SLAM、惯导与绝对坐标标靶的多源融合导航数字底盘,实现了采煤机绝对坐标定位误差≤15 cm,并研发了工艺驱动引擎与机−架多维主动防撞技术。此外,建立了液压系统多物理场耦合数字孪生模型及基于IPSO-FNN-PID算法的智能稳压策略,将主管路压力波动控制在1.0 MPa以内,并实现了基于数字孪生的故障预测性维护。为整合多系统协同,构建了基于万兆工业以太网的“云−边−端”三级管控架构,实现了地面规划、边缘控制与端侧执行的高效闭环。工业性应用结果表明:该系统使采煤机平均牵引速度提升至16 m/min以上,液压支架自动跟机率≥97%,工作面常态化作业人员减少83%,全线找直精度提升3倍,工作面回采率提高约5%,盘区万吨掘进率降低34.3%,有效支撑了超长工作面的安全、高效、集约化生产。研究形成了一套涵盖透明感知、智能决策、精准执行与协同运维的中厚较薄煤层超长工作面智能化开采系统解决方案,为同类条件矿井的智能化建设提供了可复制的技术路径与工程范式。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the major technical challenges such as complex mine pressure behavior, difficult coordinated control of equipment group and high requirements for mining and transportation balance caused by scale effect in super-long working face of medium-thick and thin coal seam, in order to realize safe and efficient intelligent mining of ' one person, one side and ten million tons ', the construction and application of full-chain intelligent mining system are carried out based on the 450 m working face of Zhuanlongwan Coal Mine of Yankuang Energy (Ordos). Based on the evolution law of strong mining pressure, the ' two-factor ' support control theory of hydraulic support based on dynamic and static load fusion and the group cooperative straightening method based on the ' most lagging support ' benchmark are established. The support cyclic pressure prediction model based on SARIMA algorithm and the high-precision MEMS inertial navigation attitude sensing technology are developed. The dynamic sensing accuracy of support attitude is 0.1 ° RMS, which significantly improves the whole line straightening accuracy of 450 m working face. In the aspect of coal flow control, an intelligent identification system of coal flow load based on UPSNet and YOLO edge computing is constructed, and the Petri net theory is introduced to establish the adaptive control model of production and operation balance, which realizes the intelligent linkage between the traction speed of shearer and the frequency of scraper. Aiming at the precise cutting of shearer, a multi-source fusion navigation digital chassis integrating panoramic laser SLAM, inertial navigation and absolute coordinate target is innovatively constructed, which realizes the absolute coordinate positioning error of shearer ≤ 15 cm, and develops process-driven engine and machine-frame multi-dimensional active anti-collision technology. In addition, a multi-physics coupling digital twin model of hydraulic system and an intelligent pressure stabilization strategy based on IPSO-FNN-PID algorithm are established. The pressure fluctuation of main pipeline is controlled within 1.0 MPa, and the fault predictive maintenance based on digital twin is realized. In order to integrate multi-system collaboration, a “cloud-edge-end” three-level management and control architecture based on 10 Gigabit industrial Ethernet is constructed, which realizes the efficient closed-loop of ground planning, edge control and end-side execution. The industrial application results show that the system makes the average traction speed of the shearer increase to more than 16 m/min, the automatic following rate of the hydraulic support ≥ 97%, the normal operation personnel of the working face decrease by 83%, the straightening accuracy of the whole line increases by 3 times, the recovery rate of the working face increases by about 5%, and the tunneling rate of the ten thousand tons of the panel decreases by 34.3%, which effectively supports the safe, efficient and intensive production of the super-long working face. The research has formed a set of intelligent mining system solutions for medium-thick and thin coal seam super-long working face covering transparent perception, intelligent decision-making, precise execution and collaborative operation and maintenance, which provides a replicable technical path and engineering paradigm for the intelligent construction of mines with similar conditions.

     

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