Abstract: In order to study the disaster mechanism of the ventilation system during the catastrophic period of coal and gas outburst and the prevention and control mechanism of secondary disasters such as gas explosion,important progress has been made in the study of the influence law of coal and gas outburst on the ventilation system. The status of research on the impact law of coal and gas outburst on the ventilation system is summarized from three aspects: the impact of shock wave on the ventilation system, the influence of outburst gas on the ventilation system and the influence of outburst coal on the ventilation system: firstly, factors of shock wave damaging ventilation facility and propagation law of shock wave in roadway were analyzed. Secondly, outburst gas migration process in the roadway and its induced downhole wind catastrophe were analyzed, and finally the influencing factors of outburst coal accumulation in the roadway were analyzed.The results show that the destruction effect of shock waves is related to shock wave over pressure and other factors and the propagation of shock waves in the roadway is affected by the distance and the type of the roadway. The gas pressure generated by the outburst gas during the movement of the roadway leads to the downhole air flow catastrophe. The accumulation of outburst coal in the roadway is mainly related to the depth of the coal seam and coal and gas outburst intensity. According to the research status of the influence law of coal and gas outburst on the ventilation system, combined with the current coal and gas outburst simulation test conditions, the shortcomings and reasons of the results of the influence of coal and gas outburst on the ventilation system were analyzed. The research results of the influence law of coal and gas outburst on the ventilation system can be applied to the rapid research analysis judgment of the influence range of coal and gas outburst to improve the auxiliary emergency decision-making ability during catastrophic period of coal and gas outburst.