Abstract: The drilling technology of raise boring rigs is a a fundamentally revolutionary technology for well drilling in underground projects such as coal mines, metal mines, hydropower and tunnels.This article introduced the development and history of raise boring rig drilling technology and equipment, the theory and technology of raise boring rigs, and the development and current status of raise boring technology and application in China in the past 40 years.It also summarized the scientific research projects approved in the field of raise rig drilling, as well as the papers, patents, published works and standardsrelated to the drilling of raise rigs. It further introduced the stability control technology of raise rig drilling surrounding rock pre-reinforcement and support, the rock breaking mechanism and rock breaking technology of raise drilling machinery; the stability control technology and power-driven technology of the drill frame of the raise rig control technology; the pilot hole drilling tool of the raise rig, the pilot hole drilling slag removal technology, the deflection control technology of pilot hole drilling, and pilot hole drilling risk analysis and prevention and control technology; raise rig reaming drill bit hob layout shape, reaming slag removal technology, reaming drilling deflection control technology, reaming drilling risk analysis and prevention and control technology; raise rig drilling cooling and dust removal technology; the applications of raise drilling rigs in mine gangue holes, deep and large inclined shafts, vertical shaft extensions, double air shafts and one-time drilling into large diameter air shafts and other projects, as well as water-rich impact layers, frozen formationsand grouting reinforcement strata and the application of raise well drilling in the formation of mud reinforcement and gas formation. After 40 years of research and practice, it has been shown that in the field of raise rig drilling, China has developed a complete set of raise rig drilling technology and equipment system based on mechanical rock breaking theory and drilling technology, which is a safe, efficient, and effective system for wellbore in underground engineering. The provision and technical support of green drilling has made significant contributions to the development of unmanned, mechanized and automated full-face drilling technology and equipment in China