Abstract: In the southwest of China, geological conditions are complex, coal seam gas reserves are abundant, and mine hydrogeological conditions are variable, so geological forecasting is a top priority to ensure safe mine production. To effectively detect the hidden structure in front of the mine roadway, only a single geophysical method is used, which is limited by the underground detection environment, and the detection effect often cannot meet the production needs. In this paper, taking the first mining face of Yuwang Coal Mine in the East Yunnan mining area as an example, combined with the current mine mining technology, the method of combining ground penetrating radar and underground two-dimensional seismic is used to comprehensively predict and predict the hidden structure in front of the roadway. In the roof gas drainage roadway, the underground two-dimensional seismic is used for floor detection, and the occurrence information of coal seam structure under the roadway floor is obtained. Using the spatial relationship between the gas drainage roadway on the roof of the working face and the adjacent driving roadway, combined with the structural development law of the study area, the interpretation structure is extended to the driving roadway in a short distance as the basis for predicting the structure distribution of the driving roadway. Then, according to the footage of the excavated roadway, the ground penetrating radar is used for advanced detection on the face of the roadway. Compare and analyze ground penetrating radar and seismic data, correct the position of structural interpretation, and eliminate abnormal variation caused by downhole noise. Finally, a high-precision geological model is generated to guide mine production. According to the open verification and analysis in the research area, the prediction accuracy of the research method in this paper is as high as 90%, and the error is less than 1 m.