煤层顶板裂隙带空间网状结构滤纯甲烷研究

张明杰; 邓文博; 谭志宏; 唐开敏; 江山; 尚志坚

doi:10.13199/j.cnki.cst.2022-1147

煤层顶板裂隙带空间网状结构滤纯甲烷研究

张明杰^{1, 2,},
邓文博²,
谭志宏^{1, 2, ,},
唐开敏³,
江山³,
尚志坚³

1.
河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院, 河南焦作　454003
2.
河南省瓦斯地质与瓦斯治理重点实验室——省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,河南焦作　454003
3.
陕西富源煤业有限责任公司, 陕西富县　727502

详细信息

作者简介:
张明杰: （1968—），男，河南平舆人，教授，硕士生导师。E-mail: hmzmj@163.com

通讯作者:
谭志宏: （1979—），男，湖南洪江人，副教授，硕士生导师。E-mail: tanzhihong@hpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TD712
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-31

Research on filtering methane with spatial reticular stucture in coal seam roof fracture zone

1.
School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
2.
Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Gas Geology and Gas Governance-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base Jointly Built by The Province and The Ministry, Jiaozuo 454003, China
3.
Shaanxi Fuyuan Coal Industry Limited Liability Company, Fuxian 727502, China

摘要

摘要:
煤层顶板裂隙带对提高抽采瓦斯浓度起到的滤纯作用被普遍认可，裂隙带高位钻孔瓦斯抽采技术也已被广泛应用于回采工作面瓦斯防治。为研究滤纯甲烷作用机理，采用理论分析与CT扫描实验相结合的方法研究了煤层顶板裂隙带内裂隙的空间网状结构，指出：在回采工作面采空区上方的垮落带、裂隙带至弯曲下沉带存在着大量的采动造成的宏观裂隙和微观裂隙，裂隙几何尺寸逐渐变小，形成巨大空间网状结构；垮落带与裂隙带下部的宏观裂隙因CH₄强扩散性造成靠近上部瓦斯浓度较高，裂隙带中上部微观裂隙网类似巨厚滤膜，通过黏性流和Knudsen扩散滤纯作用，起到进一步提高CH₄浓度的效果。研究结论在富县党家河煤矿进行了工程试验，结果表明：在煤层顶板以上垂直高度16～18 m的裂隙带上部为最佳滤纯CH₄区间，瓦斯抽采体积分数普遍在50%以上，最高达73%，验证了煤层顶板裂隙带空间网状结构滤纯CH₄的正确性。研究成果对高位抽采钻孔布置、矿井瓦斯高效抽采与利用具有一定的指导意义。
- 顶板裂隙 /
- 空间网状结构 /
- 滤纯机理 /
- 高位钻孔 /
- 瓦斯抽采
Abstract:
The filtration and purification effect of the seam roof fracture zone on improving the concentration of gas drainage is generally recognized. Gas drainage technology of high-level borehole in fracture zone has also been widely used in gas prevention and control of mining face.In order to study the mechanism of gas filtration and purification, the spatial network structure formed in the fracture zone of coal seam roof is studied by combining theoretical analysis with CT scanning verification experiment. The results show that: there are a large number of macroscopic and microscopic fractures caused by mining in the caving zone, fracture zone and bending subsidence zone above the goaf of the mining face; the geometric size of the fractures gradually decreases, presenting a huge spatial reticular structure; the macroscopic fractures in the caving zone and the lower part of the fracture zone have a higher concentration of gas near the upper part due to the strong diffusion of CH₄, and the microscopic fracture net in the middle and upper part of the fracture zone is similar to a huge thick filter membrane,which further inproves the CH₄ concentration through viscous flow and Knudsen diffusion filtration.The engineering test results of dangjiahe coal mine in Fuxian show that the upper of the fracture zone with a vertical height of 16-18 m above the roof of the coal seam is the best filtration space of CH₄, and the gas drainage concentration is generally above 50%, up to 73%. It is verified that the spatial reticular structure of the coal seam roof fracture zone is correct to filter and purify CH₄. The research results have certain guiding significance for the arrangement of high-level drainage boreholes and the efficient drainage and utilization of mine gas.
- roof fracture /
- spatial reticular structure /
- filtration and purity mechanism /
- high level borehole /
- gas drainage

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图 1 第1组样品CT扫描图

Figure 1. CT scan of the first set of samples

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图 2 第2组样品CT扫描图

Figure 2. CT scan of the second set of samples

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图 3 钻孔轨迹

Figure 3. Drilling trajectory diagram

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图 4 瓦斯抽采数据

Figure 4. Gas extraction data

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图 5 瓦斯抽采浓度与垂高的关系

Figure 5. Relationship between gas extraction concentration and vertical height

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表 1 采空区多元混合气体物理参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of multi-component gas mixture in goaf area

气体成分	分子量/(g·mol⁻¹)	动力黏度/ (10⁻⁶ Pa·s)	分子直径/ nm	平均自由程/ (10⁻⁹ m)	密度/ (g·L⁻¹)
CH₄	16	11.067	0.414	52.4	0.716
CO₂	44	14.932	0.33	82.5	1.997
N₂	28	17.805	0.304	97.2	1.251
O₂	32	20.55	0.346	75	1.429
注：平均自由程在T=293 K，P=1.013×10⁻⁵时取值。

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