海拉尔盆地旧桥凹陷伊敏组层序-古地理及聚煤特征
Sequence-paleogeography and coal accumulation features ofJiuqiao Sag Yimin Formation in Hailaer Basin
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摘要: 基于海拉尔盆地旧桥凹陷是一个陆相断陷聚煤盆地,下白垩统伊敏组是其主要含煤地层,为了解决寻找优势聚煤区的问题,利用岩心、钻孔资料、测井资料等对其岩相类型、沉积相、层序-古地理及聚煤作用特征进行研究,提出了以区域不整合面和河流下切谷冲刷面为代表的2种类型层序界面,据此将伊敏组划分为3个三级层序,再运用单因素分析多因素综合作图法,以三级层序为作图单元,恢复古地理格局。研究结果表明:伊敏组含煤岩系古地理单元主要有河流、辫状河三角洲及湖泊等,从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅲ,区内古地理单元从以三角洲-湖泊为主到以河流-三角洲为主的总体变浅的演化过程,物源主要来源于研究区西北和东南两个方向,并从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅲ,煤层厚度逐渐减小,聚煤作用逐渐减弱。Abstract: Due to Jiuqiao Sag of Hailaer Basin was a continental down faulted coal accumulating basin and the Lower Cretaceous Yimin Formation was the main coal bearing strata, in order to solve the problem to seek a superiority coal accumulation area, the rock coring and drilling information, logging information and others were applied to study the lithofacies type, sedimentary facies, sequences-paleogeography and coal accumulation function features. The paper provided the regional unconformity surface and river incised valley washed surface as the represented two typical sequence interface and thus the Yimin Formation was divided into three third level sequences. A single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method was applied to recover the palaeogeographic pattern with the three level sequence as a mapping unit. The study results showed that the palaeogeographic unit of the coal measures in Yimin Formation mainly would have rivers, braided river delta and lake as well as others. From Sequence I to Sequence III, the palaeogeographic unit in the area mainly with the delta - lake to mainly with the river - delta showed the evolution process of the general shoaling and the material sources were mainly came from the northwest and southeast of Hailaer Basin. From the Sequence I to the Sequence III, the thickness of the seam would steadily reduced and the coal accumulation function would be steadily weaken.
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Keywords:
- Hailaer Basin /
- Jiuqiao Sag /
- faulted basin /
- Yimin Formation /
- coal accumulation features
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