Abstract: In order to have the real uniaxial compressive strength of the coal and rock mass, the paper introduced the in-situ measuring and test method of the coal and rock compressive strength and the method was applied to the site measurements of the coal and rock strength in the mining blocks of the east and west wings in Z aoquan Mine.The results showed that the average uniaxial compressive strength in No.2 seam of Zaoquan Mine was over 17 MPa and the compressive strength of the powder sandy stone and fine sandy stone in the roof was 4255 MPa.The compressive strength of the sandy mudstone and the mudstone was 2434 MPa. The compressiv e strength of the carbonaceous mudstone was lower and was 1115 MPa.Due to the site measured data of the compressive strength of the coal and rock mass in the und erground mine applied to the design of the mine roadway support could meet the actual condition of the underground mine, the rationality and the relibility of the desig n could be obviously improved and the support status of the mine roadway could be obviously improved