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煤油气共存矿井油型气精准治理技术及工程实践

Technology of precise control of oil-type gas and engineering practice in coal mine with coal-oil-gas coexistence

  • 摘要: 油型气是煤油气共存矿井新的隐蔽致灾地质因素。煤田地质勘探阶段对含煤地层中油型气很少关注,矿井生产中又面临着油型气涌出的实际威胁,油型气已是煤油气共存矿井安全高效开采不可回避且亟待解决的难题。针对油型气储集层赋存、油型气涌出规律和油型气抽采治理等关键问题,采用理论分析、测试化验、数值模拟和工程试验等手段在典型煤油气共存矿区开展了油型气精准治理技术及工程实践应用研究。研究结果表明:研究区2号煤层顶底板50 m回采扰动范围内发育有4个连续稳定分布的油型气储集层(直罗组一段砂岩、延二段七里镇砂岩、富县组下部砂岩和瓦窑堡组顶部砂岩);在距2号煤层底板垂深22.24~33.26 m(平均25.77 m)、相对回采工作面-0.23~-65.14 m段底板钻孔能够有效抽采到卸压油型气。建立了基于定向长钻孔的采前预抽、采中卸压抽和采后采空区抽的油型气精准立体综合抽采模式,工程应用实践显示抽采后回采工作面上隅角平均CH4体积分数由0.81%下降到0.48%,且回采期间工作面未发生油型气异常涌出和CH4浓度超限现象。实践探索形成了一套适合于煤油气共存矿井集油型气赋存、涌出和抽采于一体的精准治理技术体系,为煤油气共存矿井油型气灾害的防治提供理论指导和技术支撑。

     

    Abstract: Oil gas is a new concealed disaster-causing geological body in coalmines with coal-oil-gas coexistence. During coal and oil gas geological exploration,few attentions is paid to the oil gas stored in coal-bearing strata,while the mine production is facing with the actual threat of oil gas emission. Oil gas disaster has become a difficult problem which can’t be avoided and urgently needed to be addressed for safe and efficient mining in coalmines with coal-oil-gas coexistence. Aiming at the key problems of oil-type gas reservoir occurrence prediction,oil-type gas emission space-time law and oil-type gas control of drainage,by means of theoretical analysis,test,numerical simulation and engineering test,to research precise control technology and engineering application of oil-type gas in typical coalmines with coal-oil-gas coexistence. The findings suggestion:there are four oil-type gas reservoirs,which are continuous and stable distribution in the 50 m excavation disturbed area of the roof and floor of coal seam in studying area (sandstone of the first member of Zhiluo formation,Qili town sandstone of the second member of Yan’an Formation,sandstone of the lower part of Fuxian formation and sandstone of the top part of the Wayaobao formation). The pressure relief oil gas can be extracted effectively by drilling holes in the inner floor from 22.24 m to 33.26 m (average 25.77 m) and from -0.23 m to-65.14 m from the working face. Basic directional long bore hole,the precise three-dimensional comprehensive drainaging model of oil-gas is explored for pre-drainaging,pressure-relief drainaging and pressure-relief drainaging during mining and drainaging in the goaf after mining. The engineering practice shows the average concentration of CH4 decreases from 0.81% to 0.48% in the upper corner of the working face after drainaging,and no abnormal oil-type gas emission and CH4 concentration exceeding the limit occurred in the working face during mining. A set of precise control technology system suitable for coal-oil-gas coexisting mine is formed,which include oil-type gas occurrence,gushing and drainage. It provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the prevention and control of oil-type gas disasters in coal-oil-gas coexisting mine.

     

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