Abstract: From the idea and requirements of the environment protection and scientific mining, the paper provided the scientific basis of the mining and reclamation concurrently conducted and introduced the requirements of the mining and reclamation by the US Mining and Reclamation Act and the development course and progres s of the surface mining-reclamation integration in China.According to the problems of the land resource lost, low land reclamation rate, long reclamation time and others caused by the underground mining with failure first and reclamation second in China, the paper stated the necessity and feasibility of the concurrent mining and reclam ation.The practices showed that the concurrent mining and reclamation could play an important role to reduce the land failure, reduce the reclamation time, protect soil resources, improve the land reclamation rate and increase the reclamation benefit.