Abstract: In order to prevent the occurrence of accidents which cause casualties or property damage due to the difficulty in exploring all kinds of hidden hazards factors in the process of coal mining, we applied the directional drilling technology to the exploration of various hidden hazards in Bulianta Coal Mine, using which the water in the overlying goaf, the aquifer overlying the working face and the goaf within the same coal seam as well as the related drainages can be explored drainage. At the same time, the gob, faults, erosion, and the variation of coal thickness can also explored. The applications show that directional drilling technology can achieve the measurement while drilling, trajectory control, multiple branches of one hole, long drilling distance, high precision, large power and high efficiency, and that various exploration data are accurate and reliable which can be used for decision making in the control of various hidden hazards factors, and can provide a reference on the control of the hidden hazards factors and safety production for the coal mine with similar geological conditions.