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基于附壁风筒的综掘工作面除尘技术研究进展

Current status and suggestions of dust removal technology based onwall-mounted duct in fully-mechanized driving fac

  • 摘要: 为了提高煤矿综掘工作面粉尘治理效果,改善综掘工作面工作环境,首先介绍了控尘技术的工作原理及发展历程,论述了控尘技术为适应我国煤矿条件在工艺参数、设备轻量化等方面的改进研究;然后对煤矿广泛使用的湿式、干式除尘器的工作原理、技术特点、优缺点进行了全面的对比分析,为不同地质条件巷道除尘器的配置提供了参考依据。通过对17套井下干式除尘器的初始使用情况和长期使用情况进行调研,发现控尘技术在巷道粉尘治理中起着重要作用,配置有控尘技术的巷道,其总除尘效率可达96%~98%,呼吸性粉尘除尘效率可达93%~95%;而在未配置控尘技术的巷道,其总除尘效率降至76%,呼吸性粉尘除尘效率降至71%。调研发现控尘工艺与当前通风规程相冲突,控尘设备移动困难、操作复杂等因素是影响煤矿综掘工作面粉尘治理效果的主要原因。最后结合笔者的工程经验及当前技术的发展趋势,提出了煤矿综掘工作面粉尘治理的几点建议,包括:开展控尘工艺对煤矿巷道通风安全的影响研究及评价,消除通风规程与控尘工艺的冲突;开展巷道通风除尘工艺参数的在线检测监控系统研究,为控尘工艺在巷道中持续安全运行提供技术支撑;开展个体及巷道粉尘浓度连续在线监控,加强巷道粉尘治理水平的监控;将粉尘治理水平纳入管理考核体系,加强粉尘治理观念及管理。

     

    Abstract: In order to improve the coal mine dust removal effect and improve the working environment of the fully-mechanized driving face, the working principle and development process of the dust control technology are briefly introduced. The dust control technology was discussed in terms of the process parameters and lightweight equipment in order to adapt to the geological conditions of mines in China. Then a comprehensive comparative analysis of the working principles, technical characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of wet and dry dust collectors which were widely used in coal mines was discussed, providing a basis for the configuration of dust collectors in different geological conditions of mines. After investigating the initial usage and long-term usage of 17 sets of dry dust collectors, it was found that the dust control technology played an important role in the dust control entry. The total dust removal efficiency of the entry equipped with the dust control technology could reach 96%~98%, and the dust removal efficiency of respirable dust could reach 93% ~ 95%; while in the entry without dust control technology, the total dust removal efficiency was reduced to 76%, and the respiratory dust removal efficiency was reduced to 71%. In addition, it was found that the dust control technology conflicts with the current ventilation regulations, and the difficulty of moving dust control equipment and complicated operation were the main reasons that affect the effect of coal mine dust control. Finally, based on the author's engineering experience and the development trend of current technology, several suggestions for the coal dust control in comprehensive excavation of coal mines are proposed. The research and evaluation of the effect of dust control technology on the ventilation safety of coal mine entry should be carried out with the aim of eliminating ventilation regulations and dust control technology. The research on on-line detection and monitoring system for ventilation and dust removal parameters of entry was proposed to provide technical support for continuous and safe operation of the dust control process in the entry. The continuous online monitoring system for individual and entry dust concentration should be carried out to strengthen the monitoring of entry dust management level and dust control level should also be incorporated into the management assessment system to strengthen dust control and management concepts.

     

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