Abstract: According to the traditional water source discrimination of the mine water inrush existed with a low accuracy problem, the paper selected six kinds of the water chemical component index with K++Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, width=35,height=17,dpi=110 and width=46,height=17,dpi=110 as the water source discriminated basis. Based on the modeling with the SPSS factor analysis, by the training samples of the 21 group inrush water, the first principal factor was closely related to the water quality index. According to the distance distinguished analysis algorithm, the water quality index obtained as the sample data was inputted to the Matlab platform and the SQRT and MAHAL functions were applied to determine the Mahalanobis distance matrix between the training sample general of the water inrush water samples. The results showed that the water source discrimination model of the mine inrush water was established combined with two factors. The discrimination accuracy of the model was up to 99 %. Thus the discrimination of the mine inrush water sources was conducted on eight unknown test samples. The cases showed that under the suitable selection of the discrimination index, the discrimination method of the inrush water sources coupled with the factor analysis and distance could effectively eliminate the interactions between the discrimination indexes and could improve the discrimination rate in order to provide theoretical base to prevent and control of the mine water disaster.