Abstract: Based on the problem of poor reliability of centralized target positioning system, the necessity and advantages of constructing distributed target positioning system were analyzed.The composition framework of distributed target positioning system was proposed.In order to realize the low power consumption and weight saving of distributed mine positioning computer, a distributed mine target localization method based on fingerprint database compression perception was proposed.The main work chart of offline and on-line positioning based on the fingerprint sensing compressed sensing mine distributed target localization method was put forward.The algorithm of coarse positioning process and fine positioning process were designed.The simulation verification scheme design and algorithm programming were realized.Simulation results showed that the method proposed in this paper had good performance in positioning error and real-time performance.The positioning error was related to the number of grids.The larger the number of grids was, the smaller the positioning error was in the same laneway locating area.