Abstract: This paper briefly reviews the background of coal mine geological transparency technology, and interprets its technical connotation. It discriminates the similarities and differences between geological transparency and visualization, transparent geology and transparent mines. It also focuses on the realization path and key technology of geological transparency in three typical application scenes in coal mine. Among these the geological transparency of advanced drilling is the use of drilling orientation, drilling measurement, cuttings logging, drilling imaging and drilling geophysical exploration and other technologies and equipment to control longitudinal drilling and radial geophysical exploration. The method of scanning can realize the “linear” geological transparency of borehole. The geological transparency of the roadway is supported by key technologies such as long excavation and long exploration, follow-up exploration, and reflected groove waves, so as to realize the front and side of the roadway. The advanced detection of the range achieves the goal of “beam-like” geological transparency of the roadway; the geological transparency of the mining face is supported by the core technologies such as mining-on-time seismic, mining-on-demand method, and microseismic monitoring, which integrates static, dynamic, and real-time geological detection results with the information disclosed in the mining engineering, forming the “band” geological transparency of the mining face along theLMadvancing direction of mining. With the progressive transparency of “advance drilling-excavation roadway-mining face”, the geological conditions of coal mining will be divided into periods, sections and layers. The analysis shows that geological visualization is only a graphical display of geological transparency, and geological visualization is not geological transparency. Transparent mines are the products of transparent geology, which is the result of geological transparency. The transparency of coal mine geology is a time-space dynamic realization process of static and dynamic geological information collection, mutual feed of geological information and mining engineering information, construction of three-dimensional geological model, geological prediction and integration with mining face application scenarios.