Abstract: Due to the significant regional and vertical differences of production capacity of coalbed methane wells in Sanjao Block, in order to study relationships b etween hydrogeological conditions and coalbed methane content and production capacity, then the hydrogeological controls on coalbed methane enrichment and high p roduction were revealed.The research results showed:in area, the groundwater activity was very weak and its mineralization degree was high in the region near Qikou A rea, in the south-central of the study area, which was the superior district for coalbed methane enrichment and development with high gas content and production, low water production and short drainage period.In vertical, compared to Taiyuan Formation, the groundwater of Shanxi Formation had weaker activity and higher mineralizat ion degree, which was more favorable for coalbed methane enrichment and development, resulting that No.3+4+5 coal seam had higher gas saturation and production, I ower water production and shorter drainage period than No.8 + 9 coal seam.In addition, the interaction of limestone aquifer above No.8+9 coal seam and faults lead to negative effect on coalbed methane enrichment and development.