Abstract: The structures in West Guizhou were complicated and seriously restrained the exploration and development of the coalfield.Thus,taking the regional stru cture evolution as the main line,in combination with the analysis on the field geological and coalfield exploration information,a detail discussion was conducted on the st ructure evolution and the structure control of the seam accumulation and deposit. The results showed that the structure evolution of West Guizhou had experienced with six stages,including the base formation stage,passive continental margin stage,inland rift-depression stage ,steady platform stage ,intracontinental orogenic stage and Co mpressing and uplifting stage.Controlled by the NE and NNE synsedimentary faults and the paleotopography with high in northwest and low in southeast formatted by t he Dongwu movement,a coal bearing structure mainly with set of the marine-continental transitional facies was deposited in Late Permian.The sedimentation facies was expanded in NE direction from NW to SE.After the coal formation period, the original type coal basin was seriously decomposed by the influences of the Yanshan move ment and the Himalayan movement. The large syncline and synclinorium would be the main coal controlled structure.