Abstract: The modern coal chemical industry, which takes coal gasification technology as the leading technology, produces a lot of coal gasification slag in the process of gasification. With the rapid development of national ecological civilization, the comprehensive utilization of coal gasification slag has become one of the urgent issues to be solved in the field of modern coal chemical industry. However, at present, the comprehensive utilization rate of coal gasification slag is low, and it is still mainly buried in open landfill, which causes great pollution to water and atmosphere for a long time. In scientific research on coal gasification residue mainly includes gasification residue nutrition substrate or adsorption material, and used as building materials, gasification slag metal recycling, and dehydration decarburization resource utilization and so on, its research way as the low efficiency, high cost, the lack of scale effect is poor, so the comprehensive utilization of coal gasification slag is still high attention from all walks of life. In view of this, using statistical information consulting, field investigation and indoor analysis research method of combining, in fully grasp the main source and harm of the coal gasification slag slag, coal gasification, physical properties, chemical properties and environmental risks, on the basis of the basic features, such as slag system analyzed the coal gasification in the field of building materials, soil improvement areas such as catalysis, adsorption material in the field of research and application status. Slag at the same time, based on coal gasification principle of whole industry chain and recycling use ways, in combination with field investigation and practice, further put forward coal gasification slag disposal harmless + given localization, the combination of high value and low scale fine combination of comprehensive utilization of environmental effect tracing monitoring + equipment system research and development with the combination of the comprehensive utilization way of thinking and path. It is expected to provide reference for the comprehensive utilization of gasification slag, clean production and cycle development of coal chemical industry.