Abstract: In order to research the relationship between the direct liquefaction feasibility of lignite in Baiyinhua Coalfield and coal macerals and coal quality parameters, the samples were collected and tested from No. 3-1 coal seam in No.3 Open-pit Mine.In combination with the former researchers’ results of coal macerals and coal quality indexes, this paper discussed the effects of inertinite content, ash, volatile content and H/C ratio on direct liquefaction. The results showed that the low inertinite content, low ash content, high volatile content, and high H/C atomic ratio of lignite were favorable for direct liquefaction. The No.3-1 coal seam had a lower content of inertinite, which was less than 8.70%, most of coal ash content of clean coal was less than 10%, volatile matter content was greater than 35%,most H/C atomic ratio was greater than 0.75. Based on the comprehensive analysis, all parameters of No.3-1 coal seam met the requirements of direct liquefaction index and could be used as an ideal direct liquefaction raw material.