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矿山物联网的泛在特征分析与泛在能力建设

Ubiquitous feature analysis and ubiquitous capacity construction of mine Internet of Things

  • 摘要: 煤矿智能化是推动煤炭行业高质量发展,促进煤炭产业转型升级的核心技术支撑,矿山物联网技术的深入应用是提升煤矿数字化、实现煤矿智能化的重要基础条件。以煤矿监测监控系统为例,从传感技术与设备、子系统建设、信息化集成等方面分析了煤矿数字化建设的现状,提出了矿山物联网实现“万物感知、万物连接、万物智能”所面临的困难,包括:传感设备功耗大、稳定性不高、维护工作量大,标准规范滞后,子系统建设相对封闭、信息化集成应用受限等。结合智慧矿山的整体目标,概括了矿山物联网泛在感知、泛在连接和泛在智能的技术特性;以矿山物联网的泛在特征为主题,分析了感知的必要元素和能力、连接的必要标准和服务、智能的必要层面。以提升矿山物联网的泛在能力、实现煤矿智慧体系为总体目标,对实现大样本感知、互联互通和应用智能等层面所需关键技术的国内外现状进行分析,指出:泛在感知的实现需要通过超低功耗的传感技术、位置服务技术和能量捕获技术的结合,形成无源无线、免标校的感知终端;泛在连接的实现应基于能够与位置服务结合的无线传输方式,应推进标准体系建设、形成D2D的互联和D4D的服务;泛在智能的实现是以泛在感知和泛在连接形成的大样本、多参量信息为基础的终端智能和区域智能。作为一种技术支撑体系,矿山物联网技术的深入应用体现在煤矿各个业务中,需要材料、微电子、机械制造、信息与通信等多种学科的前端整合。

     

    Abstract: The intelligence of mine is the core technical support to promote the high-quality development of coal industry and the transformation and upgrading of coal industry.The depth application of mine Internet of Things(IoT)technology is an important basic condition to promote the digitalization of mine and realize the intellectualization of mine.Taking the mine monitoring and control system as an example, the paper analyzes the current situation of digital construction of mine from the aspects of sensor technology and equipment, subsystem construction, information integration and others.Many difficulties of realizing perception, connection and intelligence of everything in the mine IoT are put forward, including:the sensor equipment has high power consumption,low stability and heavy maintenanee workload, interconnection standards are lacking, subsystems are relatively closed, and the ability of information integration system is limited.Aiming at the smart mine, the paper summarizes the technical characteristics of ubiquitous perception, ubiquitous connectivity and ubiquitous intelligence of the mine IoT.The necessary ubiquitous characteristics of the mine IoT are analyzed, such as the necessary elements and abilities of the perception, the necessary standards and service of the connection, the necessary level of intelligence applications.With the overall goal of improving the ubiquitous ability of the mine IoT and realizing the intelligent system of mines, this paper analyzes the current situation of the key technologies needed to realize large-sample perception, interconnection and intelligence application.The realization of ubiquitous sensing requires the combination of ultra-low power sensor technology, location service technology and energy harvest technology to form passive, wireless and calibration free sensing terminals.The realization of ubiquitous connection should be based on the wireless transmission mode which can be combined with location service, the standard system should be launched, and the interconnection of D2D and service of D4D should be established and maintained.The realization of ubiquitous intelligence is terminal intelligence and regional intelligence based on the large-sample and multi-parameters information formed by ubiquitous perception and ubiquitous connection.As a technical support system,the in-depth application of the mine IoT technology is reflected in various businesses, and the application requires the front-end integration of materials,microelectronics, machinery manufacturing, information and communication and other disciplines.

     

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