Abstract: In view of problem of low comprehensive efficiency of drilling construction for gas drainage in thin coal seams，it was found that thin coal seam roadways were generally low. Although the existing split drilling machine can meet the construction requirements and were small in size，the mechanization level was low and it was inconvenient to move，and it was difficult for the crawler drilling machines to drill at low level. In low-slung roadways，the space for drilling construction，drilling rig transportation，and angle adjustment was limited. Therefore，choosing an appropriate construction method and improving the adaptability of drilling equipment were the keys to solving this problem. The full-section drilling rig described in this paper was designed with a double column luffing and stabilizing mechanism，which decomposed the angle adjustment action in sequence，and adopted the full-section drilling method to solve the problem of limited space during construction of the crawler drilling rig;the hydraulic brake locking device used the hydraulic system of the drilling rig to provide high-pressure oil，and the drilling device was hydraulically connected to the drilling rig，which solved the problem of poor stability in full-section construction;the use of remote control technology to control the drilling rig solved the problem of line of sight blocking during the full section construction;in view of the specific posture of the drilling rig during the full-section construction，the right angle guide rail and lining plate were designed，and new alloy materials and special heat treatment process were selected to improve the reliability of the full section drilling rig construction. The field industrial test shows that the full face drilling rig has strong adaptability to thin coal seam roadways，stable full-section construction performance and high comprehensive efficiency，which promotes the technical progress of full-section drilling rigs in thin coal seam coal mine and provides favorable guarantee for the safety and efficiency of gas drainage in coal mine.