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连续采煤机开采优质稀缺残煤技术研究与应用

Research and application of mining technology with continuous miner in high-quality scarce residual coal

  • 摘要: 边角残煤一直是影响我国矿井资源采出率的关键因素,尤其是一些资源整合兼并矿井,普遍存在能整装布置的综采工作面少,而三角块段、不规则块段、残留煤柱等边角残煤资源量大难以回收的问题,特别是边角残煤若属于特殊和稀缺煤种等优质资源,其解放开采意义重大。以盛平煤矿为例,针对其作为资源整合小矿井拥有优质稀缺资源却由于边角残煤太多难以开采的现状和难题,提出在条件适合的边角块段采用连续采煤机开采,将传统的旺格维利采煤法改进后形成全风压通风的开采系统,详细介绍了不规则块段短壁巷道布置设计、采掘工艺设计以及岩层控制矿压监测,采用数值模拟分析了采场不同宽度采硐间煤柱、隔离保护煤柱在开采时的应力场、塑性区分布以及变化规律,选取出采硐间煤柱宽度1.25 m、隔离保护煤柱8.0 m的较优方案并应用于现场实践,最后通过矿压实测,验证了模拟分析的正确性,得出了工作面岩层垮落与煤柱变形的初步相互关系。研究表明,提出的“连续采煤机+梭车+连运一号车+履带行走支架”的设备配置,较好解决了矿井浅埋深、近水平、低瓦斯、顶板中等稳定等煤层地质条件下的边角块段开采难题,采硐间煤柱宽度在1.25 m时既可以在开采期间支撑顶板又不影响采后直接顶的及时垮落,8 m隔离保护煤柱破坏极限发生的时间控制在间隔一个采空区后的回采区回采时,回采区受采空区顶板垮落影响较小,连续采煤机有效解决了盛平煤矿优质残煤资源的开采,示范效应明显。

     

    Abstract: The residual coal in the corners has always been a key factor affecting the recovery rate of mine resources at a low level in China, especially in some resource integration and merger mines, there are generally few fully-mechanized mining faces that can be arranged, and the residual coal resources in the corners such as triangular blocks, irregular blocks, and residual coal pillars are large and wide, which are difficult to recover. If the coal quality of the residual coal in the corners belongs to high-quality resources such as special and rare coal types, its liberation and mining are of great significance. Taking Shengping Coal Mine as an example, in view of the current situation and problems that it has high-quality and scarce resources as a small mine for resource integration, but it is difficult to mine due to too much residual coal in the corners, it is proposed to use continuous shearers in the corner blocks with suitable conditions to mine. This paper proposed to adopt continuous miner mining in the corner block with suitable conditions, and form a full air pressure ventilation mining system by improving the traditional Wangaveli coal mining method. The layout design of short-wall roadway in irregular blocks, the design of mining technology and the monitoring of rock formation control and mine pressure are introduced in detail, and the stope site is analyzed by numerical simulation. A better scheme of 1.25 m width of coal pillar and 8.0 m width of isolation and protection pillar is selected and applied to the practice. Finally, the correctness of simulation analysis is verified through the mine pressure measurement, and the preliminary relationship between rock collapse in working face and coal pillar deformation is obtained. The research shows that the proposed equipment configuration “continuous miner+ shuttle car+continuous transportation vehicle+crawler walking support ” can better solve the mining problems of corner blocks under the coal seam geological conditions such as shallow burial depth, near horizontal, low gas and medium stability of roof. The width of the coal pillar between the mining chambers is 1.25 m that not only support the roof during mining but also not affect the timely collapse of the direct roof after mining. The occurrence time of the failure limit of the 8 m width of isolation and protection pillar is controlled in the mining area after the interval of one goaf, and the mining area is less affected by the roof collapse of the goaf. The continuous miner effectively solve the mining of top quality residual coal resources in Shengping Coal Mine, and the demonstration effect is obvious.

     

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