Abstract: In order to provide theoretical guidance for the utilization of low rank coal,the paper analyzes the research progress of external heating type and internal heating type lump coal dry ditillation technology,.summarizes the process advantages and disadvantages industrial application status of different ditllation process. The external heating type lump coal dry ditillation technology has high investment.low thermal effriency.uneven heating,serious secondary decomposition of volatile products low tar yield,which istil in the research stage,the Multistage Rotary Furnace( MRF) pyrolysis process and regenerative rotating bed without heat carrier ditilation process are typical epresentative of external heating type lump coal dry distiation technology.The iternal heating type lump coal dry ditllation technology has the advantages of igh thermalefficiency,uniform heating,simple structure,internal heating type lump eoal dry distilaion technology which is industialized mainly have Lurgi hree section furnace and SJ low-temperature pyrolysis furnace,internal heating type lump coal dry distillation technology which is in industrial demonstration or research stage mainly have LCC technology and belt type furnace low-temperature caroonization fechnology. Finallyitis pointed out that new type lump cal dry ditillation reactor design,1ow temperature oxygen-enriched carbonization technology development, coke dry quenching technology and key equipment research,pulverized coal forming technologyfundamental research of lump coal dry distilation process,pyrolysis gashigh efficiency dust removal technology and key equipment research,energy efficiency improvement and water recycling utilization technology development are developing direction of lump coal dry distillation technology in the future.