Abstract: The output of raw coal in Yu-Shen-Fu Coal Mining Area reached 400 million tons in 2017, making it the most important coal producing area in western China.The groundwater resources in mining area are relatively poor.The Quaternary Salahuasu formation aquifer and Jurassic calcined rock aquifer have both water supply and ecological value.The aquifer is located above the coal seam.The coal seams in the middle east and southeast of the mining area are buried shallow.Coal mining causes strong disturbance to the aquifer and causes damage to the structure of some water-bearing(isolated)aquifers, loss of water-bearing capacity of the aquifer, leakage of groundwater in the aquifer, resulting in the decline of groundwater level and drying up of some springs.The investigation shows that the current coal mining is mainly concentrated in the NE-trending belt along the Kuye River and the Tuwei River with dense springs.This belt is both the spring belt and the coal mining belt.The overlap of the two belts undoubtedly aggravates the disturbance of coal mining to the spring.In order to protect the spring and ecological environment, the paper puts forward the suggestion of coal mining belt should move from west to east base on the analysis the mechanism of coal effect on groundwater.It is believed that the buried depth of coal resources in Western China is so large that the water-conducting fracture zone formed by coal seam mining cannot lead to the Quaternary Salahuasu formation aquifer, while the Quaternary aquifer in the east is weak in water content and belongs to anhydrous mining area.After dislocation planning, the coal seam burial depth in the coal mining belt is moderate, and water-retaining coal mining technology is generally promoted.Underground reservoir technology will be promoted in shallow and extremely shallow coal seams areas, and ecological utilization of water resources will be increased.For the mines that cannot promote water-preserved coal mining technology and comprehensive utilization of water resources, the mode of compensated long-distance replacement can be adopted to fundamentally solve the problem of spring belt destruction.For overall arrangement spring belt and coal economic belt dislocation layout, it is suggested to increase the groundwater monitoring density of phase third and fourth planning area of Yushen mining area and further improve the groundwater monitoring network in the area.