Abstract: With citric acid, acrylic acid, polyethylene glycol as raw materials, the direct esterification method was applied to synthetize the molecule monomer. Takin g water as the solvent, taking esterification monomer, sodium p-styrene sulfonate, acrylic acid, allyl polyethylene glycol as the copolymerization monomer, the freeradic al polymerization was applied to prepare a new citric acid polycarboxylic dispersant of coal water slurry.The paper had a discussion on the polymerization condition of t he dispersant influenced to the performances and had a property analysis on the dispersant.The results showed that when the mixing ratio of esterification monomer, ac rylic acid, sodium p-styrene sulfonate, allyl polyethylene glycol was 2 :4: 1 : 1 individually, the dosage of the initiator was 2% of the monomer quantity and the polymeri zation temperature was 75。C, the performances of the dispersant would be best.With the dispersant, when the added quantity was 0.3%, the quality fraction of the coal water slurry was 64% and the viscosity of the coal water slurry was 626 mPa's, the dispersant would have high dispersion performances.