Abstract: In order to discuss the formation of anthraxolite, the coal petrography and the organic geochemical method were applied to the systematic study on the f eatures of the anthraxolite from Northwestern Huan Wanrongjiang Mine.The ore body is in vein and from the crack zone of Cambrian limestone .An exterior of the anthra xolite is similar to coal and is grey black to black, dismal to glass gloss, dyed, quality pure and easy breaking.The max reflection rate Ro, max is over 5.20%.The param agnetic resonance analysis and the micro Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis results of the anthraxolite samples showed that macromolecule structure ha d a obvious condensation role and was in graphite tendency.The Stable carbon isotope analysis, group composition analysis, saturated hydrocarbon gas chromatograph y analysis and other data showed the oil-wet features and are different from the coal.Due to the structure failure of the paleo-petroleum reservoir, the anthraxolite was r e-gathered when the migration was to a favorable structure location.After the high thermal evolution formation, the existed anthraxolite was a symbol that this area woul d not have the possibility to search the Early Paleozoic liquid petroleum.