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再论露天矿群开采-采排复一体化协同采矿技术

Discussion on coordination of open-pit mine group mining and integration of mining-dumping-reclaiming

  • 摘要: 我国大型矿田上一般同时存在多个相邻露天矿,针对相邻露天矿山独立开采时常存在边帮压煤、内排土场空间不足,以及土地复垦滞后等诸多问题,基于笔者提出的露天矿群协调开采技术,通过运用露天采矿学的基本原理,引入协同理论,提出了露天矿群开采-采排复一体化协同采矿技术的概念,详细阐述技术理念及内涵,重点研究了露天矿群开采、排土、复垦3个环节及协同作业的关键技术内容,并将其用于卡布其露天矿群。具体包括:借助3DMine软件构建卡布其露天矿群三维地质模型,根据卡布其矿区三矿开采推进的时空关系,确定露天矿群协调开采模式为同向协调开采,平行布置工作线,贯通相邻采场,优化总平面布局,让压帮煤随工作线推进顺利回采,合理分配与利用排土空间,提出共享排土场的方法以减少剥离物外排,缩短运距;在露天矿群开采方案的基础上制定协同复垦方案,建立露天矿群分期开采-内排-土地复垦一体化时空模型。实例证明:卡布其矿群在运用露天矿群开采-采排复一体化协同采矿技术后可有效增加煤炭资源采出率,降低剥采比,增加内排空间,实现矿群采剥工程与复垦工程的协调统一,降低复垦成本,提高露天矿直接经济效益。

     

    Abstract: Large coalfields in China generally have multiple adjacent open-pit mines at the same time,in view of many problems, such as coal underlying the slopes, insufficient space of inner dump and lagging land reclamation, in the independent mining of adjacent open-pit mines, based on the coordinated mining technology of open-pit mine group proposed by the author, by applying the basic principles of open-pit mining, combining the concept of synergy, put forward the concept of the coordination of open-pit mine group mining and the integration of mining-dumping-reclaiming, elaborate technical concept and connotation, this paper focuses on the three links of mining, dumping and reclaiming of open-pit mine group and the key technical contents of cooperative operation, and it is used in the Kabuqi open-pit mine group. Specifically include: the 3D geological model of Kabuqi open-pit mine group is constructed by 3D Mine software, according to the spatial and temporal relationship of the three mines mining advancement in Kabuqi mine group,the coordinated mining mode of open-pit mine group is determined as co-direction coordinated mining, arrange the work line in parallel, run through adjacent stopes, optimize the general layout, let coal underlying the slopes with the work line to advance smoothly mining, rational distribution and utilization of the dump space, methods to share dump space are proposed to reduce the outward transport of dumping material, shorten the distance, based on the mining scheme of open-pit mine group,formulatea cooperative reclamation scheme, established Spatio-temporal integration model of The integration of mining-dumping-reclaiming. Examples prove that:by using the coordination of open-pit mine group mining and the integration of mining-dumping-reclaiming,the Kabuqi open-pit mine group can effectively increase the coal resource recovery rate, reduce stripping ratio, increase the dump space, realize the coordination and unification of mining and dumping engineering and reclamation engineering of mine group,reduce the cost of reclamation,improve the direct economic benefit of open-pit mine.

     

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