Abstract: Based on the theoretical research and field practice of rock burst,this paper puts forward the stress control theory of rock burst,which is centered on stress control and characterized by unit stress gradient.the induction mechanism of rock burst caused by original rock stress,tectonic stress and mining stress is analyzed by similar simulation and numerical simulation,and the field practice of rock burst prevention and control is carried out from the point of view of stress control.The results show that the tectonic stress of the fault is the main cause of the rock burst,and the mining stress will also induce the rock burst of the driving roadway due to the influence of the residual stress in the adjacent mining area.The advanced deep-hole roof pre-splitting blasting and open-hole penetration dynamic stress control technology are applied to the anti-scour practice to verify the effectiveness of the stress control theory.