Abstract: The difference of groundwater chemical information in different aquifers is the key to water source identification.In order to investigate the chemical composition and control factors of groundwater in Renlou Coal Mine,the major ion concentrations of groundwater samples were collected from four aquifers have been analyzed by ion ratios and mathematical statistical methods.The results indicate that the anions in the groundwater samples in the mining area are mainly Cl-and width=64,height=13,dpi=110 cation is mainly K++Na+,the main hydrochemical type is Na-Cl,but the major ion concentrations of water samples in different aquifers are different,which means the chemical control factors of groundwater in each aquifer are distinctive.Based on the ion ratio analysis,the major ion concentrations of the groundwater are controlled by the weathering of silicate and dissolution of the evaporation (halite),carbonate and sulfate minerals,with different extent ion exchange.Factor analysis indicates that the Quaternary aquifer is in the relatively open environment,the Coal bearing sandstone aquifer is dominated by silicate weathering and dissolution of evaporation minerals,and the Carboniferous limestone aquifer as well as the Ordovician limestone aquifer are dominated by dissolution of carbonate and evaporite minerals,and the analysis results are further confirmed by cluster analysis.