基于单目影像对滑坡监测应急预警的方法探究
Study on method of emergency warning for landslide monitoring based on monocular images
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摘要: 为提高对滑坡的响应速度和预警效率，减少设备损失，保障作业人员的安全，提出了利用影像进行监测预警的方法。以各时段同名像点位移为主要判断标准，并结合梯度方向角度、特征点相邻加权平均距离等参数综合评估。建立高斯分布模型，验证各时段同名像点位移形成的枢轴量是否超过置信区间，以此判断该位移是否受粗差影响。若非粗差原因，则在梯度方向角度数量最多的2组点中，统计点间相邻加权平均距离和位移加权平均值，结合摄影测量技术规范和实践经验，规定前两者的合理阈值。当点间相邻加权平均距离超过该阈值，则说明发生移动的特征点相对位置比较分散，同样位移加权平均值超过对应阈值，说明目标发生了明显的滑动，存在潜在危险。将以上2个条件综合分析，能自动判断出目标的移动是偶然分散式的人为破坏还是真实滑坡，并做出相应的预警措施。结果表明：该方法构造的数学模型较为可靠，能够准确辨别真实滑坡，且省去了多目影像计算坐标的较长时间成本，可应用于突发性滑坡的应急监测工作。Abstract: In order to improve the speed of response to landslides and the efficiency of early warning, reduce equipment losses and costs, and ensure the safety of operators, a method of monitoring and early warning using images was proposed.Taking the displacement of the image point with the same name in each time period as the main criterion, combined with the comprehensive evaluation of parameters such as the gradient direction angle and the adjacent weighted average distance between the adjacent feature points.Establish a Gaussian distribution model to verify whether the pivot amount formed by the displacement of the same name image point in each period exceeds the confidence intervalso as to determine whether the displacement is affected by the gross error.If it is not due to gross errors, the second step is to count the weighted average distance between adjacent points and the weighted average of displacement in the two sets of points with the largest number of angles in the gradient direction. The two reasonable thresholds are set according to photo-grammetry technical specifications and practical experience.When the weighted average distance between adjacent points exceeds the threshold, it means that the relative positions of the moving feature points are relatively scattered.Similarly, the weighted average value of the displacement exceeds the corresponding threshold, indicating that the target has obviously slipped and there is a potential danger.Comprehensive analysis of the above two conditions can automatically distinguish whether the movement of the target is accidental decentralized man-made damage or real landslide, and make corresponding early warning measures.The results show that the mathematical model constructed by this method is more reliable,it can accurately identify the real landslide and saves the long time cost of calculating the coordinates with multi-view images. This method can be applied to emergency monitoring of sudden landslides.
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Keywords:
- emergency monitoring /
- monocular image /
- landslide /
- landslide warning
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期刊类型引用(6)
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