Abstract: Coal is the cornerstone of China’s energy system.For a long time, the coal industry has provided a strong guarantee for China’s economic and social development and the country’s safe and stable supply of energy. During the “13th Five Year Plan” period, under the guidance of national supply-side structural reforms and high-quality industry development policies, China’s coal industry continued to reform the industry development model, and achieved fruitful results in coal consumption revolution, supply revolution, technological revolution, system revolution and national cooperation. The tasks and challenges faced by China’s coal industry under the goal of “carbon’s peak and carbon’s neutrality” were analyzed, and it was proposed that based on China’s energy resource endowment and economic and social development requirements, in the next 100 years, coal would continue to play an important role as stabilizer and ballast in China's multi-energy complementary modern energy system. The coal technology revolution and technological innovation marked by the intelligentization of coal mines have become the core driving force for the development of the industry. The intelligent green development and clean and low-carbon utilization of coal are the development themes. The disruptive innovation of low-carbon utilization technology will make coal the most competitive energy and raw material resource. We must unswervingly build intelligent coal mines, eliminate outdated production capacity, develop a flexible production and supply system supported by intelligent coal mines, and give full play to the role of coal as the foundation for “dual carbon”, the foundation for energy security, and the foundation for national security, so as to achieve high-quality development goals in a new era, new coal, and new pattern.