极近距离煤层错层位巷道布置方式及围岩控制技术研究
Study on the layout of staggered roadway and surrounding rock control technology for extremely close coal seams
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摘要: 为解决极近距离煤层群分层开采支护难度大、危险性高等问题，探索错层位巷道布置采煤法及区段间相邻巷道联合支护技术在极近距离煤层群开采中的应用前景，以官地矿8、9号煤地质条件为研究背景，经论证8、9号煤之间的夹矸层厚度较小，满足放顶煤要求，不会影响顶煤冒放性，以此确定采用错层位巷道布置采煤法进行极近距离煤层联合开采的回采方案。通过极限平衡理论、数值模拟确定了下区段沿底巷道位置，沿底巷道顶煤破碎区宽度为1.93 m，极限平衡区宽度为6.65 m。采用FLAC3D数值模拟软件对下区段沿底巷道位置进行选择，计算结果为侧向支承压力峰值与巷道侧距离为6.85 m，与前述理论计算得到的极限平衡区宽度基本相同。结合理论分析及数值模拟计算结果确定该地质条件下错层位外错式巷道布置方案水平错距为2 m。对区段间相邻巷道联合支护技术机理进行论证研究，并结合矿方原始支护方案最终确定区段间相邻巷道联合支护方案。对下区段沿底巷道顶底板移近量和两帮移近量进行现场实测，结果表明：下区段沿底巷道围岩变形整体处于可控范围内，错层位巷道布置方式支护方案设计较为合理，可以满足工作面安全生产需要，可为类似条件下工作面布置及围岩控制提供参考。Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high difficulty and high risk in slicing mining of extremely close seam groups, explore the application prospect of staggeredroadway layout mining method and joint support technology of adjacent roadways between sections in the mining of extremely close seam groups,based on the research background of the geological conditions of No.8 coal and No.9 coals in Guandi Coal Mine, it has been demonstrated that the thickness of gangue layer between No.8 and No.9 coal is small, which can meet the requirements of top coal caving and will not affect the top coal caving performance. Therefore, it is determined that the combined mining scheme of extremely close coal seam with staggered roadway layout mining method is adopted.Through the limit equilibrium theory analysis and numerical simulation, the position of the lower section along the bottom roadway is determined: the width of the top coal crushing zone of the roadway along the bottom is 1.93 m, and the width of the limit equilibrium area is 6.65 m. FLAC3D numerical simulation software is used to select the position of the lower section along the bottom roadway. The calculation result shows that the distance between the peak lateral abutment pressure and the side of the roadway is 6.85 m, which is basically the same as the width of the limit equilibrium zone obtained by the foregoing theoretical calculation.Combined with the results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, it is determined that the horizontal stagger distance of the staggered roadway is 2 m. The technical mechanism of the joint support of adjacent roadways between sections is demonstrated and researched, and the joint support scheme of adjacent roadways between sections is finally determined based on the original support plan of the mine. The field industrial experiment is used to measure the roof and floor movement and the two sides movement of the roadway along the bottom in the lower section. The monitoring results show that the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway along the bottom in the lower section is generally within the controllable range, and the support scheme design of the roadway with staggered layers is more reasonable, which can meet the safety production needs of the working face, and can provide a reference for working face layout and surrounding rock control under similar conditions.
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