Abstract: Coal is one of the main energy in our country, ensuring the ecological environment safety of coal mining is an important issue which must be solved in coal mining.The ecological impact of coal mining has the typical cumulative characteristics, so it is of great significance to clarify the ecological cumulative effect of coal mining for promoting the sustainable development of mining areas. However, the research on the ecological cumulative effect of coal mining areas is still weak, especially in the arid and semi-arid areas.In order to study the ecological cumulative effect of coal mine area in arid and semi-arid regions, with Ordos of Inner Mongolia as the research subject, we assesses the ecological cumulative effect of Ordos and the surrounding areas of the mining areas by utilizing RS and GIS and adopting cumulative index of landscape pattern disturbance, afforestation degradation and air pollution as evaluation index of ecological cumulative effect. The results show: ① The ecological cumulative risk from 2000 to 2010 in Ordos is lower than that from 2000 to 2019, that is, the ecological cumulative risk in Ordos has increased during the research period. ② The influence of coal mining on the surrounding ecological accumulation has always been positive, that is, coal mining can reduce the ecological accumulation risk in the surrounding area, which proves that the ecological governance effect of the mining area is good. ③ Under the influence of urban and industrial areas, the cumulative risks of air pollution in the surrounding areas have grown, resulting in an abnormal mining area cumulative ecological risks distribution of “low on the inside and outside, while high on the middle” from 2000 to 2019.Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the ecological governance in the surrounding cities and industrial zones, especially the control of air pollution.