Abstract: The Yellow River Basin is the main enrichment area of coal resources and the main energy production area in China. While the development of a single coal resource is driving regional economic development，it also gradually highlights the serious problems that the coal industry is directly facing，such as resource depletion，frequent safety accidents，serious damage to associated resources，deterioration of the ecological environment，and weak follow-up industrial development. Based on the full investigation and analysis of the distribution characteristics of coal resources in the coal-rich areas of the Yellow River Basin，the characteristics of coal development-related hazards，and the status quo of the ecological environment in the adjacent areas，the current status of green mining carried out in the industry was summarized and analyzed，and at the same time，the status quo of the coal development field of the Yellow River Basin and the characteristics of coal mining damage were analyzed in-depth. With the construction of ecological civilization as the core concept，green and circular development as the main line，it was proposed to take the whole life cycle of coal mines as the green mining time sequence boundary，the integration of mining and recovery dynamic ecological protection and restoration as the technical lead，and the in-advance preset of active disaster reduction and safety emergency prevention and control at the source of major coal mine disasters as an ecological mining mode，and qualitatively summarized the extension and connotation of related technologies. At the same time，on the basis of fully learning from domestic and foreign circular development models and typical experimental cases，and from the development direction and technical status of China’s coal industry，a “six-in-one” development model for coal resource development in the Yellow River Basin was proposed，the full life cycle development of coal resources，ecological mining technology，safe production and construction，integrated protection of mining and recovery，development and utilization of associated resources，and transformational development are fully integrated into the circular development model guided by the new development concept，aiming to explore a new path for the green and high-quality development of coal resource-rich areas in the Yellow River Basin，and provide reference for the transformation and circular development mode of its resource-rich cities，especially resource-exhausted cities.