Abstract: The rock composition analysis and the abrasion test was conducted on the rock from different depth surrounding rock at the heading section of TBM in a mine inclined shaft of a mine in Shendong Bulianta Mining Area, a line laser ultra-high speed profile scanner was applied to a 3 D scanning analysis on the rock scratch es of the abrasion test. Based on the results of the abrasion test, the paper had an analysis on the cutter wear relationship between the Rock abrasion coefficient CAI a nd TBM. The results showed that CAI had a strongest correlation with the equivalent quartz content. The higher equivalent quartz content, the higher CAI would be and the shallow scratch depth would be. The crack extension and development of the bedded fine sandstone was obvious. When the steel needle scratched over on the silts tone, medium sandstone and fine sandstone, there were three different failure modes and there were a fine particle abrasion, coarse particle abrasion and inclined abra sion individually. The cutter wear would have a certain correlation to the rock CAI value. The higher CAI value, the higher steel needle abrasion would be and the higher cutter wear would be. The cuter abrasion would have a consistency in the rock abrasion failure mode by the scratching of the steel needle. In the actual engineering, th e abrasion mode of the steel needle could be applied to predict the cutter abrasion, to improve the cutting edge mode, to reduce the cutter consumption and to have the economic benefit.